{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T02:50:49Z","timestamp":1793933449153,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":["eurekaselect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CPB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Widely known facts about Sars-Cov-2 infection\u2019s impact on urogenital\nsystem may play a relevant role in under-standing, diagnosing, and preventing male urological disorders.\nSars-CoV-2 attacks the vascular endothelium of the entire organism; therefore, infection\ncomplications are visible in various organs. Relatively small number of original studies are available\non Sars-CoV-2 infection and the effect on the reproductive system and fertility in men. The vast\nmajority of publications focus only on discussing the effects of COVID-19 infection on just one\naspect of male urology or fertility.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The aim of this review was to present the current understanding of the effects of\nCOVID-19 infection on the male genitourinary system in the context of nephrological and reproductive\nsystem complications in men, considering the potential pathomechanisms causing significant\nnephrological disorders in the course of viral infection, as well as long-term effects of Sars-CoV-2\ninfection. We tried to make clinicians aware of urogenital complications in the course of COVID-19\noccurrence and encourage them to create preventive procedures.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The article presented has been classified by us as \"review\". Of course, when searching for\npublications and making their critique, we focused primarily on the words: \u201cSars-CoV-2\u201d, \u201cmale\nurogenital system\u201d, \u201cmale infertility\", \"lower urinary tract symptoms\". Therefore, there was no explicit\nand rigorous work selection methodology. Search strategies were based on the experience of\nthe authors of the work. In order to select articles for the systematic review, literature searches were\nconducted on PubMed (https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) using the following keywords: \"Sars-CoV-\n2\" AND \u201cmale urogenital system\u201d OR \"male infertility\" The search results were retrieved and manually\nscreened for duplicate removal. Then abstracts and titles were checked for relevance. The articles\nwere selected if they met the following inclusion criteria: human studies, focus on Sars-CoV-2\nand male urogenital system or male infertility, published from 2020 to 2021, written in English, free\nfull-text available. We included clinical trials, meta-analyses, randomized controlled studies, reviews,\nsystematic reviews.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>After the literature search, a total of 267 articles were retrieved, including 153 reviews, 53\nsystematic reviews, and 61 original articles. Eventually, after abstract and title screening, 2 original\narticles, 29 reviews, and 8 systematic reviews were accepted. In our review paper, we presented data\nfrom 2 systematic reviews, 17 reviews, 2 meta-analyses, 1 case study, and 18 original articles, including\n3 animals studies, 2 in vitro studies, and 14 human studies.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Serious concerns for urologists among COVID-19 patients should be mainly orchitis,\nmale infertility, priapism, erectile dysfunction, and lower urinary tract symptoms. It seems that the\nconclusions drawn should be treated with caution because, as mentioned above, in a pandemic, urinary\ncomplications are underdiagnosed and there are too few clinical trials and case reports.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1389201023666220307102147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T06:27:09Z","timestamp":1646720829000},"page":"1792-1799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Does SARS-CoV-2 Affect Male Urogenital System?"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8706-1927","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Balawender","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310\nRzesz\u00f3w, Poland"},{"name":"Clinical Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Municipal Hospital in Rzeszow, 35-310\nRzesz\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Pliszka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310\nRzesz\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Krowiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310\nRzesz\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maksymilian","family":"Sito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310\nRzesz\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beniamin Oskar","family":"Grabarek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial\nSpecialized Hospital, Krak\u00f3w, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine\nin Zabrze, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Gynecology and\nObsterics, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dariusz","family":"Boro\u0144","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial\nSpecialized Hospital, Krak\u00f3w, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine\nin Zabrze, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Gynecology and\nObsterics, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2020.05.001","volume":"54","author":"Gao Z.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao Z.; Xu Y.; Sun C.; Wang X.; Guo Y.; Qiu S.; Ma K.; A systematic review of asymptomatic infections with COVID-19. 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