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The patient experiences the sign and symptoms between 55 to\n75 years of age, which include impaired motor movement, difficulty in speaking and swallowing,\ngrip loss, muscle atrophy, spasticity, and sometimes associated with memory and cognitive impairments.\nMedian survival is 3 to 5 years after diagnosis and 5 to 10% of the patients live for more\nthan 10 years. The limited intervention of pharmacologically active compounds, that are used clinically,\nis majorly associated with the narrow therapeutic index. Pre-clinically established experimental\nmodels, where neurotoxin methyl mercury mimics the ALS like behavioural and neurochemical\nalterations in rodents associated with neuronal mitochondrial dysfunctions and downregulation of\nadenyl cyclase mediated cAMP\/CREB, is the main pathological hallmark for the progression of\nALS in central as well in the peripheral nervous system. Despite the considerable investigation into\nneuroprotection, it still constrains treatment choices to strong care and organization of ALS complications.\nTherefore, this current review specially targeted the investigation of clinical and pre-clinical\nfeatures available for ALS to understand the pathogenic mechanisms and to explore the pharmacological\ninterventions associated with the up-regulation of intracellular adenyl cyclase\/cAMP\/\nCREB and activation of mitochondrial-ETC coenzyme-Q10 as a future drug target in the amelioration\nof ALS mediated motor neuronal dysfunctions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524020666200427214356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T11:40:27Z","timestamp":1588074027000},"page":"263-280","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Exploring Molecular Approaches in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Drug Targets from Clinical and Pre-Clinical Findings"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4871-3507","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mamtaj","family":"Alam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajeshwar K.","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5960-6021","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Minj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aarti","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0034-835X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sidharth","family":"Mehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61156-7","volume":"377","author":"Kiernan M.C.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kiernan M.C.; Vucic S.; Cheah B.C.; Turner M.R.; Eisen A.; Hardiman O.; Burrell J.R.; Zoing M.C.; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. 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