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Its rapid\nglobal spread has brought an international health emergency and urgent responses for\nseeking efficient prevention and therapeutic treatment. This has led to imperative needs\nfor illustration of the molecular pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2, identification of molecular\ntargets or receptors, and development of antiviral drugs, antibodies, and vaccines. In\nthis study, we investigated the current research progress in combating SARS-CoV-2\ninfection. Based on the published research findings, we first elucidated, at the molecular\nlevel, SARS-CoV-2 viral structures, potential viral host-cell-invasion, pathogenic\nmechanisms, main virus-induced immune responses, and emerging SARS-CoV-2\nvariants. We then focused on the main virus- and host-based potential targets and\nsummarized and categorized effective inhibitory molecules based on drug development\nstrategies for COVID-19 that can guide efforts for the identification of new drugs and\ntreatment for this problematic disease. Current research and development of antibodies\nand vaccines were also introduced and discussed. We concluded that the main virus\nentry route- SARS-CoV-2 spike protein interaction with ACE2 receptors played a key\nrole in guiding the development of therapeutic treatments against COVID-19. Four main\nstrategies may be considered in developing molecular therapeutics, and drug\nrepurposing is likely to be an easy, fast and low-cost approach in such a short period of\ntime with urgent need of antiviral drugs. Additionally, the quick development of antibody\nand vaccine candidates has yielded promising results, but the wide-scale deployment of\nsafe and effective COVID-19 vaccines remains paramount in solving the pandemic\ncrisis. As new variants of the virus emerge, the efficacy of these vaccines and\ntreatments must be closely evaluated. Finally, we discussed the possible challenges of\ndeveloping molecular therapeutics for COVID-19 and suggested some potential future\nefforts. Despite the limited availability of literature, our attempt in this work to provide a\nrelatively comprehensive overview of current SARS-CoV-2 studies can be helpful for\nquickly acquiring the key information of COVID-19 and further promoting this important\nresearch to control and diminish the pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524021666211013121831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T05:32:34Z","timestamp":1634189554000},"page":"621-639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Molecular Insights of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Molecular\nTreatments"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Lama","family":"Abdurrahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas 78539, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqian","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Science, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, \nTexas 78539, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7305-9295","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yonghong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas 78539, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2012-7","volume":"579","author":"Zhou P.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou P.; Yang X.L.; Wang X.G.; A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. 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