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We managed to glean facts about the posterior perforated\nsubstance that can serve as a landmark for surgical operations in the adjacent regions of the midbrain\nand the vessels passing through it. Moreover, the posterior perforated substance contains the interpeduncular\nnucleus responsible for the mental state of the individual.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>1) To describe the topography of the blood vessels supplying the posterior perforated substance\narea from the surgical point of view; 2) to investigate the functions of the interpeduncular nucleus.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We assembled and analyzed results from source databases by Elsevier, NCBI MedLine, Scopus,\nScholar. Google and Embase. Each article was studied in detail for practically useful information\nabout the posterior perforated substance.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The P1-segment perforating branches of the posterior cerebral artery supply the posterior perforated\nsubstance. This area is especially vulnerable in the case of vascular pathologies. The posterior\ncommunicating artery can block the surgeon\u2019s view and impede maneuverability of the tool in the area\nof the posterior perforated substance, which may be addressed using the separation technique, which can\nlead to positive results. In addition, the medial habenula-interpeduncular nucleus in the posterior perforated\nsubstance is associated with various addictions and psychiatric conditions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The posterior perforated substance area is of great interest for surgical interventions. Future\nstudies of the interpeduncular nucleus anticipate the development of drugs to affect different types of\ndependencies and some mental diseases.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026619666191127122452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T01:28:31Z","timestamp":1574904511000},"page":"2991-2998","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Posterior Perforated Substance: A Brain Mystery Wrapped in an Enigma"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Vladimir N.","family":"Nikolenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonid A.","family":"Gridin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medicine, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marine V.","family":"Oganesyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Negoriya A.","family":"Rizaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yury S.","family":"Podolskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with the Chambers of Resuscitation and Intensive Therapy No. 2, University Clinical Hospital No. 3, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina A.","family":"Kudryashova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina V.","family":"Kochurova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Dental Institute, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roman K.","family":"Kostin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International School \u201cMedicine of Future\u201d of Biomedical Park of I.M. 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