{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:06:12Z","timestamp":1790694372431,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["eurekaselect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CTMC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title\/>\n<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is the most prevalent and severe neurodegenerative disease affecting\nmore than 0.024 billion people globally, more common in women as compared to men. Senile\nplaques and amyloid deposition are among the main causes of AD. Amyloid deposition is considered as a\ncentral event which induces the link between the production of \u03b2 amyloid and vascular changes. Presence\nof numerous biomarkers such as cerebral amyloid angiopathy, microvascular changes, senile plaques,\nchanges in white matter, granulovascular degeneration specifies the manifestation of AD while an aggregation\nof tau protein is considered as a primary marker of AD. Likewise, microvascular changes, activation\nof microglia (immune defense system of CNS), amyloid-beta aggregation, senile plaque and many\nmore biomarkers are nearly found in all Alzheimer\u2019s patients. It was seen that 70% of Alzheimer\u2019s cases\noccur due to genetic factors. It has been reported in various studies that apolipoprotein E(APOE) mainly\nAPOE4 is one of the major risk factors for the later onset of AD. Several pathological changes also occur\nin the white matter which include dilation of the perivascular space, loss of axons, reactive astrocytosis,\noligodendrocytes and failure to drain interstitial fluid. In this review, we aim to highlight the various\nbiological signatures associated with the AD which may further help in discovering multitargeting drug\ntherapy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026620666200228095553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T13:41:10Z","timestamp":1582897270000},"page":"770-781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Biological Signatures of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Poornima","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quality Assurance, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector-3, MB Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi-110017, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjali","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector-3, MB Road, Pushp Vihar, Delhi-110017, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faizana","family":"Fayaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector-3, MB Road, Pushp Vihar, Delhi-110017, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharad","family":"Wakode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector-3, MB Road, Pushp Vihar, Delhi-110017, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faheem H.","family":"Pottoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O.BOX 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","author":"Nagel E.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Nagel E.;  The Structure of science: problems in the logic of scienific explanation 1979","journal-title":"The Structure of science: problems in the logic of scienific explanation"},{"key":"ref=2","author":"Di Nicola V.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Di Nicola V.; Stoyanov D.;  Psychiatry in crisis: at the crossroads of social science, the humanities, and neuroscience 2016","journal-title":"Psychiatry in crisis: at the crossroads of social science, the humanities, and neuroscience"},{"key":"ref=3","author":"Place U.T.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Place U.T.;  Identifying the mind: Selected papers of UT place 2004","journal-title":"Identifying the mind: Selected papers of UT place"},{"key":"ref=4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026620666200302111130","volume":"20","author":"Kherif F.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kherif F.; Muller S.; Neuro-clinical signatures of language impairments: a theoretical framework for function-to-structure mapping in clinics. 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