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Therefore, intensive HD regimens closer to renal physiology were developed. They include\nlonger, more frequent dialysis or both. Among them, Nocturnal Hemodialysis (NHD), carried out at\nnight while asleep, provides efficient dialysis without excessive interference with daily activities. This\nregimen is closer to the physiology of the native kidneys. By providing increased clearance of small and\nmiddle molecular weight molecules, NHD can ameliorate uremic symptoms, control hyperphosphatemia\nand improve quality of life by allowing a liberal diet and free time during the day. Lastly, it improves\nreproductive biology leading to successful pregnancies. Conversion from conventional to NHD is followed\nby improved blood pressure control with fewer medications, regression of LVH, improved LV\nfunction, improved sleep apnea, and stabilization of coronary calcifications. These beneficial effects\nhave been associated, among others, with better extracellular fluid volume control, improved endothelial-\ndependent vasodilation, decreased total peripheral resistance, decreased plasma norepinephrine levels\nand restoration of heart rate variability. Some of these effects represent improvements in outcomes\nused as surrogates of hard outcomes related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this review,\nwe consider the cardiovascular effects of NHD.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161118666200401112106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T18:14:50Z","timestamp":1585764890000},"page":"21-33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Cardiovascular Benefits of Extended-Time Nocturnal Hemodialysis"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Roumeliotis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanos","family":"Roumeliotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2810-0698","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andreas","family":"Pierratos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Humber River Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2012.11.047","volume":"61","author":"Unruh M.L.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Unruh M.L.; Larive B.; Chertow G.M.; Effects of 6-times-weekly versus 3-times-weekly hemodialysis on depressive symptoms and self-reported mental health: Frequent Hemodialysis Network (FHN) Trials. 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