{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T17:55:17Z","timestamp":1767117317292,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015027","name":"Vice-Chancellor of Research and Technology of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["9407284059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9407284059"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["eurekaselect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CPR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Aim::<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This trial aimed to determine if supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids as an adjunct\ntherapy to antibiotic treatment can have protective effects against renal scar formation after\nacute pyelonephritis (APN) in pediatric patients.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Current evidence points out that besides antibiotic treatment, early administration of\nantioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds may be effective in reducing the occurrence of renal\ndamage following APN in children.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The main endpoint of the trial was the comparison of the development of renal scarring\nformation after APN in an omega-3 fatty acids-treated group and in a control-treated group.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This prospective randomized, controlled trial study was conducted from March 2016 to\nMay 2018 on 60 children with a diagnosis APN in a tertiary hospital in Iran. After the diagnosis of\nAPN based on the clinical signs and symptoms, urine analysis, urine culture, and dimercaptosuccinic\nacid renal scan (DMSA scan), the patients were randomly allocated into either the control\ngroup (n=30 patients: received standard antibiotic treatment only) or the intervention group (n=30\npatients: received standard antibiotic-treatment in combination with oral omega-3 fatty acids based\non the children\u2019s weight for three consecutive days). A second DMSA scan was performed for the\npatients at a minimum of six months after treatment. The development of renal scars was evaluated\nby comparing the baseline DMSA scan lesions with the follow-up DMSA scan lesions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Fifty patients, including 26 and 24 individuals in the control and intervention groups, respectively,\ncompleted the entire course of the study. Renal parenchymal involvement based on the\nbaseline DMSA scan was similar in the two groups (p-value =0.85, 0.90, and 0.53 regarding the\nright, left, and both kidney units together, respectively). Although comparison of the follow-up\nDMSA scan lesions to the baseline DMSA scan lesions considering the right and left kidneys as separate\nunits between two groups did not reach the significant level, when considering both left and\nright kidney units together, results showed a statistically significant difference between groups in\nfavor of the intervention group (p-value =0.04).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Although preliminary, the results of this study showed that administration of omega-3\nfatty acids, a natural supplement with well-known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as\nan adjunct therapy to standard antibiotic treatment might significantly reduce the incidence of the\noccurrence renal scarring following APN in children. Confirmation of these results requires further\nstudies.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Clinical Trial Registeration:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This trial was registered to Iranian Clinical Trials Registry with the\ntrial number IRCT2015062922965N1.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1573396317666210909153643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T04:43:37Z","timestamp":1631249017000},"page":"72-81","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Protective Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation Against Renal Parenchymal Scarring in Children with Acute Pyelonephritis: Results of a Pilot Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Iraj","family":"Sedighi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghazal","family":"Taheri-Moghadam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\nof Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University\nof Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Emad-Momtaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Besat Hospital, Hamadan University\nof Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Golnaz","family":"Vaseghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan\nUniversity of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azadeh","family":"Eshraghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Iran University\nof Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farzaneh","family":"Asnaashari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Hamadan University\nof Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Mehrpooya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\nof Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University\nof Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1067\/mda.2003.7","volume":"49","author":"Foxman B.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Foxman B.; Epidemiology of urinary tract infections: incidence, morbidity, and economic costs. 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