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Mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, neuronal degeneration, and pancreatic cancer are associated with dysregulated levels of phosphate in diabetes. Ectopic calcification involving deposition of calcium-phosphate crystals is prevalent throughout diabetic complications, including vascular calcification, nephropathy, retinopathy, and bone disorders. A low-glycemic, low-phosphate dietary intervention is proposed for further investigations in the treatment and prevention of diabetes and related diabetic pathologies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1573399815666191104113236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,5]],"date-time":"2019-11-05T11:13:10Z","timestamp":1572952390000},"page":"674-689","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Diabetes, Diabetic Complications, and Phosphate Toxicity: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9473-2274","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ronald B.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2018.02.023","volume":"138","author":"Cho N.H.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cho N.H.; Shaw J.E.; Karuranga S.; Huang Y.; da Rocha Fernandes J.D.; Ohlrogge A.W.; Malanda B.; IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045. 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