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MAbs are part of the targeted pharmacotherapy\narmamentarium with a high degree of specificity - hence, exert comparatively superior efficacy\nand tolerability than the conventional polyclonal antisera. So far, only five mAbs have been approved\nfor the management of infectious states, since the marketing authorization (1998) given to\npalivizumab (Synagis\u00ae) for the prophylaxis of lower respiratory tract disease caused by a respiratory\nsyncytial virus in pediatric patients. Ibalizumab-uiyk (Trogarzo\u2122) used for the management\nof multidrug-resistant HIV-1 infection not yielding to at least 10 antiretroviral drugs, was approved\nrecently. Among the three antibacterial mAbs, raxibacumab (ABthrax\u00ae\/ Anthrin\u00ae) and\nobiltoxaximab (Anthim\u00ae) are indicated for the treatment and prophylaxis of inhalation anthrax due\nto Bacillus anthracis; bezlotoxumab (Zinplava\u00ae) is used to reduce the recurrence of Clostridium\ndifficile infection. There are also around 30 and 15 mAbs in different phases of development for\nviral and bacterial conditions. As alternatives to the traditional antivirals and antibacterials, the antimicrobial\nmAbs are the need of the hour. These mAbs are more relevant to the management of\nconditions like emerging viral outbreaks wherein there is a lack of prophylactic vaccines. The current\ncutting-edge engineering technologies revolutionizing the production of mAbs include phagedisplayed\nantibody libraries, cloning from single-memory B cells or single-antibody-secreting\nplasma B cells, proteomics-directed cloning of mAbs from serum clubbed with high-throughput\nsequencing techniques. Yet, the cost of manufacture continues to be the main limiting factor. In\nthis review, the different therapeutic monoclonal antibodies directed against the microbial pathogens\nare discussed.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1871526520666200312154649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T13:36:57Z","timestamp":1584020217000},"page":"4-27","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Monoclonal Antibodies Against Infectious Microbes: So Long and Too Little!"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7499-7219","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gerard M.","family":"Raj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre (SVMCH & RC), Puducherry 605102, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7934-4978","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rekha","family":"Priyadarshini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Indira Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute (IGMC & RI), Puducherry 605009, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakthibalan","family":"Murugesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre (SVMCH & RC), Puducherry 605102, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mangaiarkkarasi","family":"Adhimoolam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre (SVMCH & RC), Puducherry 605102, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1802256","volume":"378","author":"Marston H.D.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marston H.D.; Paules C.I.; Fauci A.S.; Monoclonal antibodies for emerging infectious diseases - borrowing from history. 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