{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T02:27:25Z","timestamp":1776738445247,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["eurekaselect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IDDT"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The aim of the present study was to study the prevalence of plasmid-mediated\nquinolone resistance (PMQR) genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, qepA, oqxA, oqxB and aac)\nin Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from patients with nosocomial urinary tract infections (UTIs)\nand its relation to the extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL) production.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 non-duplicated isolates of E. coli isolated\nfrom patients with nosocomial UTIs. E.coli isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing\nby disc diffusion method, determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of\nciprofloxacin by Epsillometer (E) test strips, detection of ESBL production by double disc synergy\nmethod and detection of qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, qepA, oqxA, oqxB and aac genes by polymerase\nchain reaction (PCR).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolated E. coli revealed a high frequency of\nresistance to ampicillin (73.5%), ceftazidime (72%) and imipenem (71.5%). The less frequent resistance\nwas for aztreonam (21.5%), amikacin (36.5%) and gentamicin (38.5%). ESBL production\nwas found in 131 isolates (65.5%) and phenotypic quinolone resistance was detected by MIC in 65\nisolates (32.5%), with 52.3% of them showed high resistance to ciprofloxacin with an MIC more\nthan 32 \u03bcg\/ml. PMQR genes were found in 40 isolates. The frequency of the detected genes was\n40%, 37.5%, 35%, 20% and 5% for qnrA, qnrS, qepA, qnrB and oqxA, respectively. Significant association\nwas found between the presence of PMQR genes and ESBL production (P=0.0001).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The study highlights the prevalence of PMQR genes in E. coli with high association\nwith the ESBL phenotype. This finding is a sign of limited therapeutic options for E. coli.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1871526520666200520112319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T16:51:32Z","timestamp":1589993492000},"page":"243-247","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Study of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Escherichia coli from Nosocomial Urinary Tract Infections"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Maysaa El Sayed","family":"Zaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mostafa Abd","family":"El Salam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osama Ahmed","family":"Faried","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-suef University, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12153","volume":"61","author":"Dwyer L.L.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dwyer L.L.; Harris-Kojetin L.D.; Valverde R.H.; Frazier J.M.; Simon A.E.; Stone N.D.; Thompson N.D.; Infections in long-term care populations in the United States. J Am Geriatr Soc 2013,61(3),342-349","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"ref=2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2004.023036","volume":"81","author":"Kucheria R.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kucheria R.; Dasgupta P.; Sacks S.H.; Khan M.S.; Sheerin N.S.; Urinary tract infections: new insights into a common problem. Postgrad Med J 2005,81(952),83-86","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"ref=3","first-page":"2741","volume":"61","author":"King D.E.","year":"2000","unstructured":"King D.E.; Malone R.; Lilley S.H.; New classification and update on the quinolone antibiotics. Am Fam Physician 2000,61(9),2741-2748","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"ref=4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00007","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00007-19","volume":"32","author":"Ruiz J.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ruiz J.; Transferable Mechanisms of Quinolone Resistance from 1998 Onward. Clin Microbiol Rev 2019,32(4),e00007-19","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref=5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S120","DOI":"10.1086\/428052","volume":"41","author":"Jacoby G.A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jacoby G.A.; Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones. Clin Infect Dis 2005,41(Suppl. 2),S120-S126","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref=6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-010-0120-2","volume":"17","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00ednez J.M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00ednez J.M.; Cano M.E.; Velasco C.; Mart\u00ednez-Mart\u00ednez L.; Pascual A.; Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance: an update. J Infect Chemother 2011,17(2),149-182","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"ref=7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00016-09","volume":"22","author":"Strahilevitz J.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Strahilevitz J.; Jacoby G.A.; Hooper D.C.; Robicsek A.; Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance: a multifaceted threat. Clin Microbiol Rev 2009,22(4),664-689","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref=8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1347","volume":"12","author":"Robicsek A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Robicsek A.; Strahilevitz J.; Jacoby G.A.; Macielag M.; Abbanat D.; Park C.H.; Bush K.; Hooper D.C.; Fluoroquinolone-modifying enzyme: a new adaptation of a common aminoglycoside acetyltransferase. Nat Med 2006,12(1),83-88","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref=9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3332","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.9.3332-3337.2004","volume":"48","author":"Hansen L.H.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hansen L.H.; Johannesen E.; Burm\u00f8lle M.; S\u00f8rensen A.H.; S\u00f8rensen S.J.; Plasmid-encoded multidrug efflux pump conferring resistance to olaquindox in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004,48(9),3332-3337","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref=10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.VMBF-0016-2015","volume":"4","author":"Munita J.M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Munita J.M.; Arias C.A.; Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. Microbiol Spectr 2016,4(2),2","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"ref=11","year":"2017","unstructured":"Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute.CLSI Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; 29th informational supplement CLSI document M100 Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA 2017","journal-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; 29th informational supplement CLSI document M100 Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA"},{"key":"ref=12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2013.0074","volume":"20","author":"Nobari S.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nobari S.; Shahcheraghi F.; Rahmati Ghezelgeh F.; Valizadeh B.; Molecular characterization of carbapenem-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from Iranian patients: first identification of blaKPC gene in Iran. Microb Drug Resist 2014,20(4),285-293","journal-title":"Microb Drug Resist"},{"key":"ref=13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3423","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.06191-11","volume":"56","author":"Chen X.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen X.; Zhang W.; Pan W.; Yin J.; Pan Z.; Gao S.; Jiao X.; Prevalence of qnr, aac(6\u2032)-Ib-cr, qepA, and oqxAB in Escherichia coli isolates from humans, animals, and the environment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012,56(6),3423-3427","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref=14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki245","volume":"56","author":"Nordmann P.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nordmann P.; Poirel L.; Emergence of plasmid-mediated resistance to quinolones in Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005,56(3),463-469","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref=15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S222698","volume":"12","author":"Malekzadegan Y.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Malekzadegan Y.; Rastegar E.; Moradi M.; Heidari H.; Sedigh Ebrahim-Saraie H.; Prevalence of quinolone-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli in a tertiary care hospital in south Iran [Response to letter]. Infect Drug Resist 2019,12,2175-2176","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"ref=16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000475","volume":"66","author":"Correia S.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Correia S.; Poeta P.; H\u00e9braud M.; Capelo J.L.; Igrejas G.; Mechanisms of quinolone action and resistance: where do we stand? J Med Microbiol 2017,66(5),551-559","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref=17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3109\/02813432.2013.844410","volume":"31","author":"McQuiston Haslund J.","year":"2013","unstructured":"McQuiston Haslund J.; Rosborg Dinesen M.; Sternhagen Nielsen A.B.; Llor C.; Bjerrum L.; Different recommendations for empiric first-choice antibiotic treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in Europe. Scand J Prim Health Care 2013,31(4),235-240","journal-title":"Scand J Prim Health Care"},{"key":"ref=18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02505-15","volume":"60","author":"Bidell M.R.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bidell M.R.; Palchak M.; Mohr J.; Lodise T.P.; Fluoroquinolone and third-generation-cephalosporin resistance among hospitalized patients with urinary tract infections due to Escherichia coli: do rates vary by hospital characteristics and geographic region? Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016,60(5),3170-3173","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref=19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2014.46.4.226","volume":"46","author":"Kim E.S.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim E.S.; Hooper D.C.; Clinical importance and epidemiology of quinolone resistance. Infect Chemother 2014,46(4),226-238","journal-title":"Infect Chemother"},{"key":"ref=20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0396","volume":"100","author":"Shash R.Y.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shash R.Y.; Elshimy A.A.; Soliman M.Y.; Mosharafa A.A.; Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase enterobacteriaceae isolated from egyptian patients with community- and hospital-acquired urinary tract infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019,100(3),522-528","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref=21","first-page":"3921","volume":"8","author":"Ullah F.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ullah F.; Malik S.A.; Ahmed J.; Antibiotic susceptibility pattern and ESBL prevalence in nosocomial Escherichia coli from urinary tract infections in Pakistan. Afr J Biotechnol 2009,8,3921-3926","journal-title":"Afr J Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref=22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.304.4755","volume":"30","author":"Sabir S.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sabir S.; Ahmad Anjum A.; Ijaz T.; Asad Ali M.; Ur Rehman Khan M.; Nawaz M.; Isolation and antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli from urinary tract infections in a tertiary care hospital. Pak J Med Sci 2014,30(2),389-392","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref=23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-4065.75226","volume":"21","author":"Eshwarappa M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Eshwarappa M.; Dosegowda R.; Aprameya I.V.; Khan M.W.; Kumar P.S.; Kempegowda P.; Clinico-microbiological profile of urinary tract infection in south India. Indian J Nephrol 2011,21(1),30-36","journal-title":"Indian J Nephrol"},{"key":"ref=24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2017.0354","volume":"24","author":"Hamed S.M.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hamed S.M.; Aboshanab K.M.A.; El-Mahallawy H.A.; Helmy M.M.; Ashour M.S.; Elkhatib W.F.; Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Gram-Negative Pathogens Isolated from Cancer Patients in Egypt. Microb Drug Resist 2018,24(9),1316-1325","journal-title":"Microb Drug Resist"},{"key":"ref=25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/329541","volume":"25","author":"Yang H.Y.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yang H.Y.; Nam Y.S.; Lee H.J.; Prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from blood cultures in Korea. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2014,25(3),163-169","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref=26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_2092_17","volume":"149","author":"Shetty S.S.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shetty S.S.; Deekshit V.K.; Jazeela K.; Vittal R.; Rohit A.; Chakraborty A.; Karunasagar I.; Plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance associated with extra-intestinal Escherichia coli isolates from hospital samples. Indian J Med Res 2019,149(2),192-198","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"ref=27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.PLAS-0006-2013","volume":"2","author":"Jacoby G.A.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jacoby G.A.; Strahilevitz J.; Hooper D.C.; Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance. Microbiol Spectr 2014,2(5),10","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"ref=28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.04.007","volume":"22","author":"Redgrave L.S.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Redgrave L.S.; Sutton S.B.; Webber M.A.; Piddock L.J.V.; Fluoroquinolone resistance: mechanisms, impact on bacteria, and role in evolutionary success. Trends Microbiol 2014,22(8),438-445","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"ref=29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2009.0378","volume":"7","author":"Xia L.N.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Xia L.N.; Li L.; Wu C.M.; Liu Y.Q.; Tao X.Q.; Dai L.; Qi Y.H.; Lu L.M.; Shen J.Z.; A survey of plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance genes from Escherichia coli isolates and their dissemination in Shandong, China. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2010,7(2),207-215","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"ref=30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.796","volume":"4","author":"Bouchakour M.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bouchakour M.; Zerouali K.; Gros Claude J.D.; Amarouch H.; El Mdaghri N.; Courvalin P.; Timinouni M.; Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in expanded spectrum beta lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae in Morocco. J Infect Dev Ctries 2010,4(12),779-803","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"ref=31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S160720","volume":"11","author":"Azargun R.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Azargun R.; Sadeghi M.R.; Soroush Barhaghi M.H.; Samadi Kafil H.; Yeganeh F.; Ahangar Oskouee M.; Ghotaslou R.; The prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance and ESBL-production in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from urinary tract infections. Infect Drug Resist 2018,11,1007-1014","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"ref=32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19184","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.19184v2","volume":"8","author":"Sedighi I.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sedighi I.; Arabestani M.R.; Rahimbakhsh A.; Karimitabar Z.; Alikhani M.Y.; Dissemination of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases and quinolone resistance genes among clinical isolates of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in children. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2015,8(7),e19184","journal-title":"Jundishapur J Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/eurekaselect.com\/article\/download\/182153","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/182153\/article","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/eurekaselect.com\/article\/download\/182153","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T14:28:38Z","timestamp":1634480918000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/182153\/article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]]}},"alternative-id":["LiveAll1"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1871526520666200520112319","relation":{},"ISSN":["1871-5265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1871-5265","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Peer Reviewed","order":0,"name":"review_status","label":"Review Status","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review Process","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Checked with iThenticate","order":0,"name":"screening_status","label":"Screening Status","group":{"name":"plagiarism_screening","label":"Plagiarism Screening"}},{"value":"2019-11-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-24","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}