{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T08:42:15Z","timestamp":1793781735370,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"8","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010809","name":"Jascha Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3687"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3687"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010809","name":"Jascha Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5611"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5611"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012774","name":"Innovation Fund Denmark","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4108-00008A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4108-00008A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["eurekaselect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNSNDDT"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Parkinson\u2019s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a preferential\ndegeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. This results in a profound\ndecrease of striatal dopamine (DA) levels, which in turn leads to the cardinal motor symptoms\nof PD; muscle rigidity, hypo- and bradykinesia and resting tremor. Even 50 years after its initial use,\nthe DA precursor levodopa (L-dopa), is still the most effective medical therapy for the symptomatic\ntreatment of PD. Long-term L-dopa treatment is however, unfortunately associated with undesirable\nside effects such as motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. Furthermore, despite the disease alleviating\neffects of L-dopa, it is still discussed whether L-dopa has a neurotoxic or neuroprotective effect on dopaminergic\nneurons. Here we review the history of L-dopa, including its discovery, development and\ncurrent use in the treatment of PD. We furthermore review current evidence of the L-dopa-induced\nside effects and perspectives of L-dopa treatment in PD compared to other established treatments such\nas DA-agonists and the inhibitors of catechol-o-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase B.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527319666200722153156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,24]],"date-time":"2020-07-24T02:29:58Z","timestamp":1595557798000},"page":"572-583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Levodopa Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: History, Current Status and Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Helle","family":"Bogetofte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arezo","family":"Alamyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morten","family":"Blaabjerg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morten","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","container-title":["CNS &amp; Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/eurekaselect.com\/article\/download\/184045","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/184045\/article","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/eurekaselect.com\/article\/download\/184045","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]],"date-time":"2020-12-28T09:46:37Z","timestamp":1609148797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/184045\/article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]}},"alternative-id":["LiveAll1"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1871527319666200722153156","relation":{},"ISSN":["1871-5273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1871-5273","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Peer Reviewed","order":0,"name":"review_status","label":"Review Status","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review Process","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Checked with iThenticate","order":0,"name":"screening_status","label":"Screening Status","group":{"name":"plagiarism_screening","label":"Plagiarism Screening"}},{"value":"2020-02-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-03","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}