{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T11:50:08Z","timestamp":1789732208773,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["eurekaselect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PPL"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title\/>\n<jats:p>Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural\ndeterioration of bone tissue. Biomarkers of bone turnover have been used for years in\nbone disease management, especially to determine response to treatment. They are substances\nfound in biological fluids, produced during the bone remodelling process. Recently, new approaches\nfor the detection of bone physiology and pathology biomarkers have been proposed, among\nwhich proteomics, with particular interest in osteoporosis. The objective of this manuscript is to review\ncurrent knowledge on proteomics applied to osteoporosis in vivo. The analysis of the 14\nstudies published to date showed a range of proteins whose expression is altered in patients with osteoporosis.\nThe relatively small number of papers depends mainly on high costs and technical limitations;\ndue to the difficulty to collect osteoclasts, most of the studies performed proteomics on peripheral\nblood monocytes (PBMs), already accepted as an excellent osteoporosis cell model in\nvivo. Among the identified proteins, the most promising are represented by Gelsolin (GSN), Annexin\nA2 (ANXA2), and Prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4HB). They have been related to bone mineral\ndensity (BMD), sometimes in apparent disagreement (some upregulated and others downregulated\nin patients with low BMD).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Finally, worthy of mention is the application of proteomics in the emerging field of microvesicles\n(MVs); they are important messengers, widely present in body fluids, and have recently emerged\nas novel targets for the diagnosis of multiple diseases, among which musculoskeletal diseases. In\nconclusion, the proteomic field is relatively novel in osteoporosis and has a considerable but theoretical\npotential; further investigations are needed in order to make proteome-derived markers applicable\nto clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530320666200425204634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,26]],"date-time":"2020-04-26T06:34:36Z","timestamp":1587882876000},"page":"1253-1259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Protein Markers in Osteoporosis"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3228-4899","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Teresa","family":"Porcelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology, Montichiari Hospital, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, Montichiari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3391-4899","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Letizia","family":"Pezzaioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7474-3451","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrea","family":"Delbarba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0098-1294","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Filippo","family":"Maffezzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4317-1232","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carlo","family":"Cappelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5817-8141","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alberto","family":"Ferlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.6.785","volume":"285","year":"2001","unstructured":"NIH Consensus Development Panel on Osteoporosis Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy. 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