{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T10:55:11Z","timestamp":1787223311208,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,16]],"date-time":"2014-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1400198400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opendentistryjournal.com","benthamopen.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["TODENTJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this review is to summarize the findings of studies that have evaluated non-surgical approaches for detoxification of implant body surfaces<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>, and to evaluate clinical trials on the use of these methodologies for treating peri-implant disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE (Pubmed) from 1966 to 2013.<jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>studies as well as clinical trials on non-surgical therapy were evaluated. The outcome variables were the ability of the therapeutic method to eliminate the biofilm and endotoxins from the implant surface, the changes in clinical parameters including probing depth, clinical attachment levels, bleeding on probing; radiographic bone fill and histological re-osseointegration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 134 articles found 35 were analyzed. The findings, advantages and disadvantages of using lasers as well as mechanical and chemical methods are discussed. Most of the<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>and human studies used combination therapies which makes determining the efficacy of one specific method difficult. Most human studies are case series with short term longitudinal analysis without survival or failure reports.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Complete elimination of the biofilms is difficult to achieve using these approaches. All therapies induce changes of the chemical and physical properties of the implant surface. Re-osseointegration may be difficult to achieve if not impossible without surgical access to ensure thorough debridement of the defect and detoxification of the implant surface. Combination protocols for non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis in humans have shown some positive clinical results but long-term evaluation to evaluate the validity and reliability of the techniques is needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1874210601408010077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,29]],"date-time":"2014-05-29T05:55:30Z","timestamp":1401342930000},"page":"77-84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Detoxification of Implant Surfaces Affected by Peri-Implant Disease: An Overview of Non-surgical Methods"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Pilar","family":"Valderrama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan A","family":"Blansett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayra G","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myrna G","family":"Cantu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas G","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"refR1","first-page":"533","volume":"32","author":"Froum SJ","year":"2012","unstructured":"Froum SJ, Rosen PS. A proposed classification for peri-implantitis. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2012; 32 (5) : 533-40.","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"refR2","author":"Atieh MA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Atieh MA, Alsabeeha NH, Faggion CM Jr, Duncan WJ. The frequency of peri-implant diseases: a systematic review and meta- analysis. J Periodontol 2012.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1994.050409.x","volume":"5","author":"Pontoriero R","year":"1994","unstructured":"Pontoriero R, Tonelli MP, Carnevale G, Mombelli A, Nyman SR, Lang NP. Experimentally induced peri-implant mucositis: a clinical study in humans. Clin Oral Implants Res 1994; 5 (4) : 254-9.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR4","first-page":"740680","author":"Valderrama P","year":"2013","unstructured":"Valderrama P, Wilson TG Jr. Detoxification of implant surfaces affected by peri-implant disease: an overview of surgical methods. Int J Dent 2013; 740680.","journal-title":"Int J Dent"},{"key":"refR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2011.02208.x","volume":"23","author":"Louropoulou A","year":"2012","unstructured":"Louropoulou A, Slot DE, Van der Weijden FA. Titanium surface alterations following the use of different mechanical instruments: a systematic review. Clin Oral Implants Res 2012; 23 (6) : 643-58.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2000.011S1146.x","volume":"11","author":"Lang NP","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lang NP, Wilson TG, Corbet EF. Biological complications with dental implants: their prevention. diagnosis and treatment. Clin Oral Implants Res 2000; 11 (1) : 146-55.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ID.0000091139.04246.BC","volume":"12","author":"Suh JJ","year":"2003","unstructured":"Suh JJ, Simon Z, Jeon YS, Choi BG, Kim CK. The use of implantoplasty and guided bone regeneration in the treatment of peri-implantitis: two case reports. Implant Dent 2003; 12 (4) : 277-82.","journal-title":"Implant Dent"},{"key":"refR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345930720090801","volume":"72","author":"Quireynen M","year":"1993","unstructured":"Quireynen M, VanDerMei HC, Steenberghe VD. An in vivo study of the influence of surface roughness of implants on the microbiology of the supra and subgingival plaque. J Dent Res 1993; 72 : 1304-9.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"refR9","first-page":"616","volume":"24","author":"Subramani K","year":"2009","unstructured":"Subramani K, Jung R, Molenberg A, Hammerle C. Biofilm on dental implants: a review of the literature. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2009; 24 : 616-26.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"refR10","first-page":"215","volume":"53","author":"Romeo E","year":"2004","unstructured":"Romeo E, Ghisolfi M, Carmagnola D. Peri-implant diseases: a systematic review of the literature. Minerva Stomatol 2004; 53 (5) : 215-30.","journal-title":"Minerva Stomatol"},{"key":"refR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1997.68.6.556","volume":"68","author":"Rimondini L","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rimondini L, Fare S, Brabilla E. The effect of surface roughness on early in vivo plaque colonization on titanium. J Periodontol 1997; 68 (6) : 556-62.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2000.110205.x","volume":"11","author":"Rimondini L","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rimondini L, Cicognani Simoncini F, Carrassi A. Micro-morphometric assessment of titanium plasma-sprayed coating removal using burs for the treatment of peri-implant disease. Clin Oral Implants Res 2000; 11 (2) : 129-38.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.31154","volume":"88","author":"Schwarz F","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schwarz F, Ferrari D, Popovski K, Hartig B, Becker J. Influence of different air-abrasive powders on cell viability at biologically contaminated titanium dental implants surfaces. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2009; 88 (1) : 83-91.","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater"},{"key":"refR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1998.69.8.857","volume":"69","author":"Augthun M","year":"1998","unstructured":"Augthun M, Tinschert J, Huber A. In vitro studies on the effect of cleaning methods on different implant surfaces. J Periodontol 1998; 69 (8) : 857-64.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.31171","volume":"88","author":"Rodrigues DC","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rodrigues DC, Urban RM, Jacobs JJ, Gilbert JL. In vivo severe corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement of retrieved modular body titanium alloy hip-implants. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2009; 88 : 206-19.","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater"},{"key":"refR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2004.01084.x","volume":"16","author":"Romeo E","year":"2005","unstructured":"Romeo E, Ghisolfi M, Murgolo N, Chiapasco M, Lops D, Vogel G. Therapy of peri-implantitis with resective surgery.A 3-year clinical trial on rough screw-shaped oral implants. Part I: clinical outcome. Clin Oral Implants Res 2005; 16 : 9-18.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR17","first-page":"1461","volume":"27","author":"Tastepe CS","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tastepe CS, van Waas R, Liu Y, Wismeijer D. Air powder abrasive treatment as an implant surface cleaning method: a literature review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2012; 27 (6) : 1461-73.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"refR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1988.59.5.315","volume":"59","author":"Finlayson RS","year":"1988","unstructured":"Finlayson RS, Stevens FD. Subcutaneous facial emphysema secondary to use of the Cavi-Jet. J Periodontol 1988; 59 (5) : 315-7.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR19","first-page":"S71","author":"Meyle J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Meyle J. Mechanical chemical and laser treatments of the implant surface in the presence of marginal bone loss around implants. Eur J Oral Implantol 2012; ( 5 Suppl) S71-81.","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Implantol"},{"key":"refR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.070672","volume":"80","author":"Duarte PM","year":"2009","unstructured":"Duarte PM, de Mendon\u00e7a AC, M\u00e1ximo MB, Santos VR, Bastos MF, Nociti FH. Effect of anti-infective mechanical therapy on clinical parameters and cytokine levels in human peri-implant diseases. J Periodontol 2009; 80 : 234-43.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01762.x","volume":"38","author":"Schwarz F","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schwarz F, Mihatovic I, Becker J , et al. Non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis using an air-abrasive device or mechanical debridement and local application of chlorhexidine: a prospective. randomzed.controlled clinical study. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 38 (9) : 872-.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"refR22","first-page":"91","volume":"13","author":"Mengel R","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mengel R, Buns C-E, Mengel C, Flores-de-Jacoby L. An in vitro study of the treatment of implant surfaces with different instruments. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1998; 13 (1) : 91-6.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"refR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1997.68.12.1215","volume":"68","author":"Chairay JP","year":"1997","unstructured":"Chairay JP, Boulekbache H, Jean A, Soyer A, Bouchard P. Scanning electron microscopic evaluation of the effects of an air-abrasive system on dental implants: a comparative in vitro study between machined and plasma-sprayed titanium surfaces. J Periodontol 1997; 68 (12) : 1215-22.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.10.802","volume":"63","author":"McCollum J","year":"1992","unstructured":"McCollum J, O\u2019Neal RB, Brennan WA, Van Dyke TE, Horner JA. The effect of titanium implant abutment surface irregularities on plaque accumulation in vivo. J Periodontol 1992; 63 (10) : 802-5.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1998.090306.x","volume":"9","author":"Mouhyi J","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mouhyi J, Sennerby L, Pireaux JJ, Dourov N, Nammour S, Van Reck J. An XPS and SEM evaluation of six chemical and physical techniques for cleaning of contaminated titanium implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 1998; 9 (3) : 185-94.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.090273","volume":"80","author":"Duarte PM","year":"2009","unstructured":"Duarte PM, Reis AF, Moreira de Freitas P, Ota-Tsuzuki C. Bacterial adhesion on smooth and rough titanium surfaces after treatment with different instruments. J Periodontol 2009; 80 (11) : 1824-32.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR27","first-page":"219","volume":"14","author":"Bergendal T","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bergendal T, Forsgren L, Kvint S, L\u00f6wstedt E. The effect of an airbrasive instrument on soft and hard tissues around osseointegrated implants: a case report. Swed Dent J 1990; 14 (5) : 219-3.","journal-title":"Swed Dent J"},{"key":"refR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.120369","volume":"84","author":"Park JB","year":"2012","unstructured":"Park JB, Jang YJ, Koh M, Choi BK, Kim KK, Ko Y. In vitro analysis of the efficacy of ultrasonic scalers and a toothbrush for removing bacteria from RBM titanium discs. J Periodontol 2012; 84 (8) : 1191-8.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01421.x","volume":"36","author":"Renvert S","year":"2009","unstructured":"Renvert S, Samuelsson E, Lindahl C , et al. Mechanical non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: a double-blind randomized longitudinal clinical study I: clinical results. J Clin Periodontol 2009; 36 (7) : 604-9.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"refR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1994.050103.x","volume":"5","author":"Ruhling A","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ruhling A, Kocher T, Kreusch J, Plagmann HC. Treatment of subgingival implant surfaces with teflon-coated sonic and ultrasonic scaler tips and various implant curettes: an in vitro study. Clin Oral Implants Res 1994; 5 (1) : 19-29.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1996.070302.x","volume":"7","author":"Bollen CM","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bollen CM, Papaioanno W, Van Eldere J, Schepers E, Quirynen M, van Steenberghe D. The influence of abutment surface roughness on plaque accumulation and peri-implant mucositis. Clin Oral Implants Res 1996; 7 (3) : 201-11.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3913(92)90248-9","volume":"67","author":"Homiak AW","year":"1992","unstructured":"Homiak AW, Cook PA, DeBoer J. Effect of hygiene instrumentation on titanium abutments: a scanning electron microscopy study. J Prosthet Dent 1992; 67 (3) : 364-9.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"refR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01561.x","volume":"37","author":"Persson GR","year":"2010","unstructured":"Persson GR, Samuelsson E, Lindahl C, Renvert S. Mechanical non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: a single-blinded randomized longitudinal clinical study.II. microbiological results. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 37 (6) : 563-73.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"refR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1997.080510.x","volume":"8","author":"Schenk G","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schenk G, Flemmig TF, Betz T, Reuther J, Klaiber B. Controlled local delivery of tetracycline HCl in the treatment of peri-implant mucosal hyperplasia and mucositis: a controlled case series. Clin Oral Implants Res 1997; 8 (5) : 427-33.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.090115","volume":"80","author":"Wilson TG Jr","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wilson TG Jr. The positive relationship between excess cement and peri-implant disease: a prospective clinical endoscopic study. J Periodontol 2009; 80 (9) : 1388-92.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR36","first-page":"74","volume":"32","author":"Wadhwani CP","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wadhwani CP, Schwedhelm ER. The role of cements in dental lant success. quiz 78-9 Part I Dent Today 2013; 32 (4) : 74-8.","journal-title":"quiz 78-9. Part I. Dent Today"},{"key":"refR37","first-page":"327","volume":"23","author":"Elter C","year":"2008","unstructured":"Elter C, Heuer W, Demling A , et al. Supra- and subgingival biofilm formation on implant abutments with different surface characteristics. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2008; 23 (2) : 327-4.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"refR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2005.01226.x","volume":"17","author":"Trejo PM","year":"2006","unstructured":"Trejo PM, Bonaventura G, Weng D, Caffesse RG, Bragger U, Lang NP. Effect of mechanical and antiseptic therapy on peri-implant mucositis: an experimental study in monkeys. Clin Oral Implants Res 2006; 17 (3) : 294-304.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2006.00956.x","volume":"33","author":"Schwarz F","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schwarz F, Jepsen S, Herten M, Sager M, Rothamel D, Becker J. Influence of different treatment approaches on non-submerged and submerged healing of ligature induced peri-implantitis lesions: an experimental study in dogs. J Clin Periodontol 2006; 33 (8) : 584-95.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"refR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2002.73.10.1118","volume":"73","author":"Porras R","year":"2002","unstructured":"Porras R, Anderson GB, Caffesse R, Narendran S, Trejo PM. Clinical response to 2 different therapeutic regimens to treat peri-implant mucositis. J Periodontol 2002; 73 (10) : 1118-25.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2005.01141.x","volume":"16","author":"Karring ES","year":"2005","unstructured":"Karring ES, Stavropoulos A, Ellegaard B, Karring T. Treatment of peri-implantitis by the vector system. Clin Oral Implants Res 2005; 16 (3) : 288-93.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR42","first-page":"96","volume":"11","author":"Hallmon WW","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hallmon WW, Waldrop TC, Meffert RM, Wade BW. A comparative study of the effects of metallic. nonmetalic.and sonic instrumentation on titanium abutment surfaces. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1996; 11 (1) : 96-100.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"refR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1097\/01.id.0000202425.35072.4e","volume":"15","author":"Ramaglia L","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ramaglia L, di Lauro AE, Morgese F, Squillace A. Profilometric and standard error of the mean analysis of rough implant surfaces treated with different instrumentations. Implant Dent 2006; 15 (1) : 77-82.","journal-title":"Implant Dent"},{"key":"refR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01377.x","volume":"18","author":"Salvi GE","year":"2007","unstructured":"Salvi GE, Persson GR, Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Frei M, Lang NP. Adjunctive local antibiotic therapy in the treatment of peri-implantitis II: clinical and radiographic outcomes. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007; 18 (3) : 281-5.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1992.030402.x","volume":"3","author":"Mombelli A","year":"1992","unstructured":"Mombelli A, Lang NP. Antimicrobial treatment of peri-implant infections. Clin Oral Implants Res 1992; 3 (4) : 162-8.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1097\/00008505-199205000-00009","volume":"1","author":"Zablotsky MH","year":"1992","unstructured":"Zablotsky MH, Diedrich DL, Meffert RM. Detoxification of endotoxin-contaminated titanium and hydroxyapatite-coated surfaces utilizing various chemotherapeutic and mechanical modalities. Implant Dent 1992; 1 (2) : 154-8.","journal-title":"Implant Dent"},{"key":"refR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1994.65.10.942","volume":"65","author":"Dennison DK","year":"1994","unstructured":"Dennison DK, Huerzeler MB, Quinones C, Caffese RG. Contaminated implant surfaces: an in vitro comparison of implant surface coating and treatment modalities for decontamination. J Periodontol 1994; 65 (10) : 942-8.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2009.01908.x","volume":"21","author":"Gosau M","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gosau M, Hahnel S, Schwarz F, Gerlach T, Reichert TE, B\u00fcrgers R. Effect of six different peri-implantitis disinfection methods on in vivo human oral biofilm. Clin Oral Implants Res 2010; 21 (8) : 866-72.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.1999.tb00213.x","volume":"44","author":"Lan WC","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lan WC, Lan WH, Chan CP, Hsieh CC, Chang MC, Jeng JH. The effects of extracellular citric acid acidosis on the viability. cellular adhesion capacity and protein synthesis of cultured human gingival fibroblasts. Aust Dent J 1999; 44 (2) : 123-30.","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"key":"refR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2012.12.027","volume":"33","author":"Frank MJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Frank MJ, Walter MS, Lyngstadaas SP, Wintermantel E, Haugen HJ. Hydrogen content in titanium and a titanium-zirconium alloy after acid etching. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2013; 33 (3) : 1282-8.","journal-title":"Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl"},{"key":"refR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2012.01.015","volume":"57","author":"B\u00fcrgers R","year":"2012","unstructured":"B\u00fcrgers R, Witecy C, Hahnel S, Gosau M. The effect of various topical peri-implantitis antiseptics on Staphylococcus epidermidis. Candida albians.and Streptococcus sanguinis. Arch Oral Biol 2012; 57 (7) : 940-7.","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"refR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2006.01269.x","volume":"17","author":"Persson GR1","year":"2006","unstructured":"Persson GR1, Salvi GE, Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Lang NP. Antimicrobial therapy using a local drug delivery system (Arestin) in the treatment of peri-implantitis.I: microbiological outcomes. Clin Oral Implants Res 2006; 17 (4) : 386-93.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2006.00919.x","volume":"33","author":"Renvert S","year":"2006","unstructured":"Renvert S, Lessem J, Dahl\u00e9n G, Lindahl C, Svensson M. Topical minocycline microspheres versus topical chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to mechanical debridement of incipient peri-implant infections: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2006; 33 (5) : 362-9.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"refR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.100514","volume":"82","author":"Verdugo F","year":"2011","unstructured":"Verdugo F, S\u00e1ez-Ros\u00f3n A, Uribarri A , et al. Bone microbial decontamination agents in osseous grafting: an in vitro study with fresh human explants. J Periodontol 2011; 82 (6) : 863-71.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2007.09.012","volume":"22","author":"Giannelli M","year":"2008","unstructured":"Giannelli M, Chellini F, Margheri M, Tonelli P, Tani A. Effect of chlorhexidine digluconate on different cell types: a molecular and ultrastructural investigation. Toxicol In Vitro 2008; 22 (2) : 308-17.","journal-title":"Toxicol In Vitro"},{"key":"refR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2010.01700.x","volume":"43","author":"Lee TH","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee TH, Hu CC, Lee SS, Chou MY, Chang YC. Cytotoxicity of chlorhexidine on human osteoblastic cells is related to intracellular glutathione levels. Int Endod J 2010; 43 (5) : 430-5.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"refR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2010.02037.x","volume":"22","author":"Ntrouka VI","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ntrouka VI, Slot DE, Louropoulou A, Van der Weijden F. The effect of chemotherapeutic agents on contaminated titanium surfaces: a systematic review. Clin Oral Implants Res 2011; 22 (7) : 681-90.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01429.x","volume":"19","author":"Alhag M","year":"2008","unstructured":"Alhag M, Renvert S, Polyzois I, Claffey N. Re-osseointegration on rough implant surfaces previously coated with bacterial biofilm: an experimental study in the dog. Clin Oral Implants Res 2008; 19 (2) : 182-7.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2009.2496","volume":"28","author":"Gon\u00e7alves F","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves F, Zanetti AL, Zanetti RV , et al. Effectiveness of 980-mm diode and 1064-nm extra-long-pulse neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet lasers in implant disinfection. Photomed Laser Surg 2010; 28 (2) : 273-80.","journal-title":"Photomed Laser Surg"},{"key":"refR60","first-page":"202","volume":"17","author":"Kreisler M","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kreisler M, Gotz H, Duschner H. Effect of Nd:YAG. Ho YAG.Er AG., CO2., and GaAIAs laser irradiation on surface properties of endosseous dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2002; 17 (2 ) : 202-11.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"refR61","first-page":"104","volume":"25","author":"Stubinger S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stubinger S, Etter C, Miskiewicz M , et al. Surface alterations of polished and sandblasted and acid-etched titanium implants after Er:YAG. carbon dioide.and diode laser irradiation. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2010; 25 (1) : 104-1.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"refR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.1593","volume":"33","author":"Yamamoto A","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yamamoto A, Tanabe T. Treatment of peri-implantitis around TiUnite-surface implants using Er:YAG laser microexplosions. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2013; 33 (1) : 21-30.","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"refR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1586\/17434440.2.3.267","volume":"2","author":"Sculean A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sculean A, Schwarz F, Becker J. Anti-infective therapy with an Er:YAG laser: influence on peri-implant healing. Expert Rev Med Devices 2005; 2 (3) : 267-76.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Med Devices"},{"key":"refR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0905-7161.2003.00954.x","volume":"14","author":"Schwarz F","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schwarz F, Rothamel D, Sculean A, Georg T, Scherbaum W, Becker J. Effects of an Er:YAG laser and the vector ultrasonic system on the biocompatibility of titanium implants in cultures of human osteoblast-like cells. Clin Oral Implants Res 2003; 14 (6) : 784-92.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.100660","volume":"82","author":"Persson GR","year":"2011","unstructured":"Persson GR, Roos-Jans\u00e5ker AM, Lindahl C, Renvert S. Microbiologic results after non-surgical erbium-doped:yttrium. alumnum.and garnet laser or air-abrasive treatment of peri-implantitisa randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol 2011; 82 (9 ) : 1267-78.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"refR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2009.00302.x","volume":"51","author":"Takasaki AA","year":"2009","unstructured":"Takasaki AA, Aoki A, Mizutani K , et al. Application of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Periodontol 2009; 51 : 109-40.","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"refR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1997.080401.x","volume":"8","author":"Haas R","year":"1997","unstructured":"Haas R, D\u00f6rtbudak O, Mensdorff-Pouilly N, Mailath G. Elimination of bacteria on different implant surfaces through photosensitization and soft laser.An in vitro study. Clin Oral Implants Res 1997; 8 (4) : 249-54.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2012.02494.x","volume":"24","author":"Sch\u00e4r D","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sch\u00e4r D, Ramseier CA, Eick S, Arweiler NB, Sculean A, Salvi GE. Anti-infective therapy of peri-implantitis with adjunctive local drug delivery or photodynamic therapy: six-month outcomes of a prospective randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2013; 24 (1) : 104-.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"refR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2011.00384.x","volume":"15","author":"Faggion CM Jr","year":"2013","unstructured":"Faggion CM Jr, Chambrone L, Listl S, Tu YK. Network meta-analysis for evaluating interventions in implant dentistry: the case of peri-implantitis treatment. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2013; 15 (4) : 576-88.","journal-title":"Clin Implant Dent Relat Res"},{"key":"refR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01838.x","volume":"39","author":"Schwarz F","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schwarz F, Iglhaut G, Becker J. Quality assessment of reporting of animal studies on pathogenesis and treatment of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis: a systematic review using the ARRIVE guidelines. J Clin Periodontol 2012; 39 (12) : 63-72.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"refR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01832.x","volume":"39","author":"Graziani F","year":"2012","unstructured":"Graziani F, Figuero E, Herrera D. Systematic review of quality of reporting. outcome measurements and methods to study efficacy of preventive and therapeutic approaches to peri-implant diseases. J Clin Periodontol 2012; 39 (12) : 224-44.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"refR72","first-page":"960","volume":"25","author":"Faggion CM Jr","year":"2010","unstructured":"Faggion CM Jr, Schmitter M. Using the best available evidence to support clinical decisions in implant dentistry. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2010; 25 (5) : 960-.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"refR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2010.03.003","volume":"38","author":"Faggion CM Jr","year":"2010","unstructured":"Faggion CM Jr, Listl S, Tu YK. Assessment of endpoints in studies on peri-implantitis treatment--a systematic review. J Dent 2010; 38 (6) : 443-5.","journal-title":"J Dent"}],"container-title":["The Open Dentistry Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opendentistryjournal.com\/contents\/volumes\/V8\/TODENTJ-8-77\/TODENTJ-8-77.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/opendentistryjournal.com\/contents\/volumes\/V8\/TODENTJ-8-77\/TODENTJ-8-77.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/opendentistryjournal.com\/contents\/volumes\/V8\/TODENTJ-8-77\/TODENTJ-8-77.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T04:09:32Z","timestamp":1716782972000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opendentistryjournal.com\/VOLUME\/8\/PAGE\/77\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,16]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,16]]}},"alternative-id":["TODENTJ-8-77"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1874210601408010077","relation":{},"ISSN":["1874-2106"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1874-2106","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Peer Reviewed","order":0,"name":"review_status","label":"Review Status","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review Process","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Checked with iThenticate","order":0,"name":"screening_status","label":"Screening Status","group":{"name":"plagiarism_screening","label":"Plagiarism Screening"}},{"value":"2014-1-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-2-5","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-2-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-5-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}