{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T03:52:21Z","timestamp":1772769141681,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,30]],"date-time":"2018-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525046400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opendentistryjournal.com","benthamopen.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["TODENTJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Facial appearance is an important factor, affects social and psychological well-being. The ideal positioning of jaws and soft tissues is crucial during orthognathic surgery for a better outcome, but the response of facial soft tissues does not always reflect the exact movements of the underlying jaws in 1:1 ratio. So, soft tissue changes following orthognathic surgery require utmost attention during surgical correction to make successful treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims and Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evaluation of perioral soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgical procedures. The objectives of the study were to assess and compare pre and post-operative perioral soft tissue changes of lip width, nasolabial and mentolabial angle using Three Dimensional Computed Tomography scan (3DCT).<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patient and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study involved ten patients for evaluation requiring orthognathic surgical procedures (maxillary or mandibular anteroposterior excess or deficiency, transverse deformities, vertical maxillary excess and facial asymmetry) presented to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery during 2014-2016. Pre and post-operative 3DCT scan were taken after 12 months using iCT 256 slice whole body CT scanner and evaluated for changes using Dicom PMS D view.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant changes were observed in nasolabial angle after maxillary advancement (1.81\u00b0) and maxillary setback procedure (2.73\u00b0). The mentolabial angle was significantly increased with mandibular setback procedures (3.27\u00b0). Mandibular advancement procedures showed both increase (3.6\u00b0) and decrease (7.6\u00b0) in mentolabial angle.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3DCT showed a significant difference in perioral soft tissue changes in nasolabial and mentolabial angle but no significant change was observed in lip width. 3DCT is a reliable tool for 3D assessment. The conventional thought of changes in Nasolabial angle after surgery is changing due to the underlying factors which should be considered for prediction.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1874210601812010366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,11]],"date-time":"2018-05-11T06:31:42Z","timestamp":1526020302000},"page":"366-376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A Perioral Soft Tissue evaluation after Orthognathic Surgery Using Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Scan"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Rahul","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. Srinivas","family":"Chakravarthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vivekanand S.","family":"Kattimani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krishna Prasad","family":"Lingamaneni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"87","volume":"13","author":"Abeltins A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abeltins A, Jakobsone G. \n                    Soft tissue thickness changes after correcting Class III malocclusion with bimaxillar surgery. \n                    Stomatologija  \n                    2011; \n                    13\n                    (3)\n                    : 87-91.","journal-title":"Stomatologija"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(99)70084-3","volume":"88","author":"Ferrario V.F.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ferrario VF, Sforza C, Schmitz JH, Santoro F. \n                    Three-dimensional facial morphometric assessment of soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery. \n                    Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod  \n                    1999; \n                    88\n                    (5)\n                    : 549-56.","journal-title":"Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod."},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"33","author":"Hoffmann J","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hoffmann J, Westendorff C, Leitner C. \n                    Validation of 3D-laser surface registration for image-guided craniomaxillofacial surgery. \n                    J Craniomaxillofac Surg  \n                    2005; \n                    33-13e8.","journal-title":"J. Craniomaxillofac Surg."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1597\/03-145.1","volume":"42","author":"Littlefield T.R.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Littlefield TR, Cherney JC, Luisi JN, Beals SP, Kelly KM, Pomatto JK. \n                    Comparison of plaster casting with three-dimensional cranial imaging. \n                    Cleft Palate Craniofac J  \n                    2005; \n                    42\n                    (2)\n                    : 157-64.","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac. J."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(99)90323-3","volume":"57","author":"Throckmorton G.S.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Throckmorton GS, Buschang PH, Ellis E III. \n                    Morphologic and biomechanical determinants in the selection of orthognathic surgery procedures. \n                    J Oral Maxillofac Surg  \n                    1999; \n                    57\n                    (9)\n                    : 1044-56.","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2008.12.026","volume":"107","author":"Jung Y.J.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jung YJ, Kim MJ, Baek SH. \n                    Hard and soft tissue changes after correction of mandibular prognathism and facial asymmetry by mandibular setback surgery: Three-dimensional analysis using computerized tomography. \n                    Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod  \n                    2009; \n                    107\n                    (6)\n                    : 763-771.e8.","journal-title":"Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2012.09.001","volume":"41","author":"Oh K.M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Oh KM, Seo SK, Park JE, et al. \n                    Post-operative soft tissue changes in patients with mandibular prognathism after bimaxillary surgery. \n                    J Craniomaxillofac Surg  \n                    2013; \n                    41\n                    (3)\n                    : 204-11.","journal-title":"J. Craniomaxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"19","volume":"34","author":"Dann J.J.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Dann JJ III, Fonseca RJ, Bell WH. \n                    Soft tissue changes associated with total maxillary advancement: A preliminary study. \n                    J Oral Surg  \n                    1976; \n                    34\n                    (1)\n                    : 19-23.","journal-title":"J. Oral Surg."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0503(76)80022-7","volume":"4","author":"Freihofer H.P.M.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Freihofer HPM Jr. \n                    The lip profile after correction of retromaxillism in cleft and non-cleft patients. \n                    J Maxillofac Surg  \n                    1976; \n                    4\n                    (3)\n                    : 136-41.","journal-title":"J. Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198802000-00006","volume":"81","author":"Wolfrod L.M.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Wolfrod LM. \n                    Disussion: Rosen HM: Lip - Nasal aesthetics following Le Fort I osteotomy. \n                    Plast Reconstr Surg  \n                    1988; \n                    81\n                    : 180.","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198802000-00005","volume":"81","author":"Rosen H.M.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rosen HM. \n                    Lip-nasal aesthetics following Le Fort I osteotomy. \n                    Plast Reconstr Surg  \n                    1988; \n                    81\n                    (2)\n                    : 171-82.","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1053\/joms.2001.20485","volume":"59","author":"Louis P.J.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Louis PJ, Austin RB, Waite PD, Mathews CS. \n                    Soft tissue changes of the upper lip associated with maxillary advancement in obstructive sleep apnea patients. \n                    J Oral Maxillofac Surg  \n                    2001; \n                    59\n                    (2)\n                    : 151-6.","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2011.04.073","volume":"50","author":"Shoji T.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shoji T, Muto T, Takahashi M, Akizuki K, Tsuchida Y. \n                    The stability of an alar cinch suture after Le Fort I and mandibular osteotomies in Japanese patients with Class III malocclusions. \n                    Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg  \n                    2012; \n                    50\n                    (4)\n                    : 361-4.","journal-title":"Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2015.11.023","volume":"74","author":"Kim Y.K.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim YK, Moon SW, Yun PY, Lee YS, Larson BE, Lee NK. \n                    Evaluation of soft tissue changes around the lips after mandibular setback surgery with minimal orthodontics using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry. \n                    J Oral Maxillofac Surg  \n                    2016; \n                    74\n                    (5)\n                    : 1044-54.","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31816aaa79","volume":"19","author":"Alves P.V.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Alves PV, Mazucheli J, Vogel CJ, Bolognese AM. \n                    How the lower face soft tissue changes after mandibular advancement or setback. \n                    J Craniofac Surg  \n                    2008; \n                    19\n                    (3)\n                    : 593-8.","journal-title":"J. Craniofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"154","volume":"42","author":"McNeill R.W.","year":"1972","unstructured":"McNeill RW, Proffit WR, White RP. \n                    Cephalometric prediction for orthodontic surgery. \n                    Angle Orthod  \n                    1972; \n                    42\n                    (2)\n                    : 154-64.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"7","volume":"11","author":"Bailey L.J.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bailey LJ, Collie FM, White RP Jr. \n                    Long-term soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery. \n                    Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg  \n                    1996; \n                    11\n                    (1)\n                    : 7-18.","journal-title":"Int. J. Adult Orthodon. Orthognath. Surg."},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"301","volume":"11","author":"Lee D-Y.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lee D-Y, Bailey LJ, Proffit WR. \n                    Soft tissue changes after superior repositioning of the maxilla with Le Fort I osteotomy: 5-year follow-up. \n                    Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg  \n                    1996; \n                    11\n                    (4)\n                    : 301-11.","journal-title":"Int. J. Adult Orthodon. Orthognath. Surg."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(94)70002-8","volume":"105","author":"Moss J.P.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Moss JP, McCance AM, Fright WR, Linney AD, James DR. \n                    A three-dimensional soft tissue analysis of fifteen patients with Class II, Division 1 malocclusions after bimaxillary surgery. \n                    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop  \n                    1994; \n                    105\n                    (5)\n                    : 430-7.","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"15","volume":"7","author":"Day C.J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Day CJ, Robert T. \n                    Three-dimensional assessment of the facial soft tissue changes that occur postoperatively in orthognathic patients. \n                    World J Orthod  \n                    2006; \n                    7\n                    (1)\n                    : 15-26.","journal-title":"World J. Orthod."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.04.033","volume":"133","author":"Polo M.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Polo M. \n                    Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) for the neuromuscular correction of excessive gingival display on smiling (gummy smile). \n                    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop  \n                    2008; \n                    133\n                    (2)\n                    : 195-203.\n                    \n                    \n                    \n                    \n                 [PubMed].","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.2319\/091407-437.1","volume":"79","author":"Hwang W.S.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hwang WS, Hur MS, Hu KS, et al. \n                    Surface anatomy of the lip elevator muscles for the treatment of gummy smile using botulinum toxin. \n                    Angle Orthod  \n                    2009; \n                    79\n                    (1)\n                    : 70-7.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-011-0178-0","volume":"10","author":"Indra A.S.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Indra AS, Biswas PP, Vineet VT, Yeshaswini T. \n                    Botox as an adjunct to orthognathic surgery for a case of severe vertical maxillary excess. \n                    J Maxillofac Oral Surg  \n                    2011; \n                    10\n                    (3)\n                    : 266-70.","journal-title":"J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg."}],"container-title":["The Open Dentistry Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opendentistryjournal.com\/contents\/volumes\/V12\/TODENTJ-12-366\/TODENTJ-12-366.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/opendentistryjournal.com\/contents\/volumes\/V12\/TODENTJ-12-366\/TODENTJ-12-366.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/opendentistryjournal.com\/contents\/volumes\/V12\/TODENTJ-12-366\/TODENTJ-12-366.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,29]],"date-time":"2019-03-29T00:28:18Z","timestamp":1553819298000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opendentistryjournal.com\/VOLUME\/12\/PAGE\/366\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,30]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,30]]}},"alternative-id":["TODENTJ-12-366"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1874210601812010366","relation":{},"ISSN":["1874-2106"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1874-2106","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Peer Reviewed","order":0,"name":"review_status","label":"Review Status","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review Process","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Checked with iThenticate","order":0,"name":"screening_status","label":"Screening Status","group":{"name":"plagiarism_screening","label":"Plagiarism Screening"}},{"value":"2017-12-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-4-10","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-4-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-04-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}