{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:02:18Z","timestamp":1792098138973,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,21]],"date-time":"2014-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392940800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["openmicrobiologyjournal.com","benthamopen.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["TOMICROJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Silver-based wound dressings have been developed for the control of bioburden in wounds. However, the popularity and extensive use of silver-based dressings has been associated with emerging microbial resistances to silver. In this study we examined <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> antibacterial efficacy of a bioelectric dressing containing silver and zinc against various wound pathogens. Antibiotic-sensitive clinical wound isolates showed a 100% reduction in bacterial growth, except that <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic> isolate was shown to survive with a bacterial log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> reduction rate of less than 10<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> CFU. We also investigated antibacterial efficacy against the extended spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL) bacteria, multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, and methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus <\/jats:italic>(MRSA). The bioelectric dressing was effective in killing wound pathogens including ESBL, MDR, and MRSA <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Furthermore, based on the primary results against <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>, we carried out extensive studies against several nosocomial <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic> species including vancomycin-resistant species. Overall, the vancomycin-sensitive or -resistant <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic> species were resistant to this dressing at up to 48 h, except for the vancomycin-resistant <jats:italic>Enterococcus raffinosus<\/jats:italic> isolate only showing a 100% bacterial reduction at 48 h, but not at 24 h. The results demonstrated the effective bactericidal activity of a bioelectric dressing against antibiotic-sensitive and MDR strains, but <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic> species are bacteriostatic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2174\/1874285801408010015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,7]],"date-time":"2014-03-07T05:20:28Z","timestamp":1394169628000},"page":"15-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Antibacterial Efficacy Testing of a Bioelectric Wound Dressing Against Clinical Wound Pathogens"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Hosan","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inder","family":"Makin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeff","family":"Skiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greggory","family":"Housler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Stojadinovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Izadjoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"refR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BCR.0000112331.72232.1B","volume":"25","author":"Bowler PG","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bowler PG, Jones SA, Walker M, Parsons D. \n                    Microbiocidal properties of a silver-containing hydrofiber dressing against a variety of burn wound pathogens. \n                    J Burn Care Rehabil  \n                    2004; 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