{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T06:52:54Z","timestamp":1761547974475,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,6]],"date-time":"2012-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["openrespiratorymedicinejournal.com","benthamopen.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["TORMJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Rickettsiosis, Q fever, tularemia, and anthrax are all bacterial diseases that can affect the pleura. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) and Mediterranean Spotted Fever (MSF) are caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Rickettsia rickettsii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Rickettsia conorii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , respectively. Pleural fluid from a patient with MSF had a neutrophil-predominant exudate.\n                    <jats:italic>Coxiella<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:italic>burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    is the causative agent of Q fever. Of the two cases described in the literature, one was an exudate with a marked eosinophilia while the other case was a transudate due to a constrictive pericarditis.\n                    <jats:italic>Francisella tularensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    is the causative agent of tularemia. Pleural fluid from three tularemia patients showed a lymphocyte predominant exudate.\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:italic>anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    is the causative agent of anthrax. Cases of inhalational anthrax from a recent bioterrorist attack evidenced the presence of a serosanguineous exudative pleural effusion. These four bacterial microorganisms should be suspected in patients presenting with a clinical history, exposure to known risk factors and an unexplained pleural effusion.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2174\/1874306401206010075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,11]],"date-time":"2012-09-11T08:27:33Z","timestamp":1347352053000},"page":"75-81","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Unusual Bacterial Infections and the Pleura"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"06","author":[{"given":"Carlos E","family":"Kummerfeldt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John T","family":"Huggins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven A","family":"Sahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"refR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70261-X","volume":"7","author":"Dantas-Torres F","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dantas-Torres F. \n            Rocky mountain spotted fever \n            Lancet Infect Dis  \n            2007; 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