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The construction involved pneumatic actuators. An aluminum forearm module enabled movements in 3 degrees of freedom, while motions and forces were replicated<jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>force and angular sensors that were similar to<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>measurements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the initial testing, 16 human elbow joint specimens were tested at 35 Nm in up to 5000 cycles at a range of 10\u00b0 extension to 110\u00b0 flexion. The transmitted forces led to failure in 9 out of the 16 tested specimens, significantly more often in females and small specimens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is possible to construct a testing machine to simulate nearly physiological repetitive elbow motions. The prototype has a number of technical deficiencies that could be modified. 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