{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T21:25:16Z","timestamp":1648675516250},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,28]],"date-time":"2017-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501200000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["openorthopaedicsjournal.com","benthamopen.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["TOORTHJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The position of the gastrocnemius tendon in relation to the leg length may be different in children with cerebral palsy as compared to normal children. The palpation of muscle bellies or previous experience of the operating surgeon is employed to place the surgical incision for lengthening of the gastrocnemius aponeurosis. Inaccurate localisation may cause incorrect incisions and a risk of iatrogenic damage to the vital structures (i.e. sural nerve).<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of our study is to compare gastrocnemius length <jats:italic>in-vivo<\/jats:italic> between paretic and unaffected children and create a formula to localise the muscle\u2013tendon junction accurately.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>10 children with di\/hemiplegia (range 2-14y) were recruited. None of them had received any conventional medical treatment. An equal number of age\/sex matched, typically developing children (range 4-14y) were recruited. Ultrasound scanning of the gastrocnemius muscle at rest was performed to measure the length of gastrocnemius bellies. We also measured the heights and leg lengths in all the children.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The gastrocnemius medial muscles were shorter in Cerebral Palsy children when compared to similar aged normal children. In cerebral palsy children, the gastrocnemius muscle and leg ratio ranged between 35 to 50% (average ratio of 45%).<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using these figures, we created an average percentage for gastrocnemius muscle length that may be used clinically to identify the tendon for open\/endoscopic lengthening and also to make simple and accurate localisation of gastrocnemius muscle-tendon junction for surgical access. This decreases the length of the surgical incision and may reduce the risk of iatrogenic injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001711010577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,31]],"date-time":"2017-07-31T09:32:01Z","timestamp":1501493521000},"page":"577-582","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2174\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["(in vivo Gastrocnemius Muscle) Tendon Ratio in Patients with Cerebral Palsy"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Muhammad Naghman","family":"Choudhry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haris","family":"Naseem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ihsan","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adeel","family":"Aqil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tahir","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070302400604","volume":"24","author":"Tashjian R.Z.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tashjian RZ, Appel AJ, Banerjee R, DiGiovanni CW. \n                    Anatomic study of the gastrocnemius-soleus junction and its relationship to the sural nerve. \n                    Foot Ankle Int  \n                    2003; \n                    24\n                    (6)\n                    : 473-6.","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070402500409","volume":"25","author":"Pinney S.J.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pinney SJ, Sangeorzan BJ, Hansen ST Jr. \n                    Surgical anatomy of the gastrocnemius recession (Strayer procedure). \n                    Foot Ankle Int  \n                    2004; \n                    25\n                    (4)\n                    : 247-50.","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foot.2005.05.001","volume":"15","author":"Carl T.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Carl T, Barrett SL. \n                    Cadaveric assessment of the gastrocnemius aponeurosis to assist in the pre-operative planning for two portal endoscopic gastrocnemius recession (EDR). \n                    Foot  \n                    2005; \n                    15\n                    : 137-40.","journal-title":"Foot"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20544","volume":"20","author":"Elson D.W.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Elson DW, Whiten S, Hillman SJ, Johnson RJ, Lo SS, Robb JE. \n                    The conjoint junction of the triceps surae: Implications for gastrocnemius tendon lengthening. \n                    Clin Anat  \n                    2007; \n                    20\n                    (8)\n                    : 924-8.","journal-title":"Clin. Anat."},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Kucharski RA, Campbell D, Bell M. \n                    \n                    \n                 (United Kingdom). Pre operative ultrasound incision planning for gastrocnemius lengthening in children with cerebral palsy. European Paediatric Orthopaedic Society 28th Annual Meeting, 2009. \n                        http:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11832-009-0162-0(Date of access 21st April 2017)"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2007.02008.x","volume":"50","author":"Mohagheghi A.A.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mohagheghi AA, Khan T, Meadows TH, Giannikas K, Baltzopoulos V, Maganaris CN. \n                    \n                        in vivo gastrocnemius muscle fascicle length in children with and without diplegic cerebral palsy. \n                    Dev Med Child Neurol  \n                    2008; \n                    50\n                    (1)\n                    : 44-50.","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."}],"container-title":["The Open Orthopaedics Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/openorthopaedicsjournal.com\/contents\/volumes\/V11\/TOORTHJ-11-577\/TOORTHJ-11-577.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/openorthopaedicsjournal.com\/contents\/volumes\/V11\/TOORTHJ-11-577\/TOORTHJ-11-577.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/openorthopaedicsjournal.com\/contents\/volumes\/V11\/TOORTHJ-11-577\/TOORTHJ-11-577.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,22]],"date-time":"2019-03-22T11:54:42Z","timestamp":1553255682000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/openorthopaedicsjournal.com\/VOLUME\/11\/PAGE\/577\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,28]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,28]]}},"alternative-id":["TOORTHJ-11-577"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1874325001711010577","relation":{},"ISSN":["1874-3250"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1874-3250","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Peer Reviewed","order":0,"name":"review_status","label":"Review Status","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review Process","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Checked with iThenticate","order":0,"name":"screening_status","label":"Screening Status","group":{"name":"plagiarism_screening","label":"Plagiarism Screening"}},{"value":"2017-04-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-05-13","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-06-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-07-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}