{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T03:20:17Z","timestamp":1778642417521,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,29]],"date-time":"2016-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456704000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["openophthalmologyjournal.com","benthamopen.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["TOOPHTJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title><jats:p>An important cause of avoidable childhood blindness is retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in countries with high human development index and also in some emerging economies countries. To date, no research have been conducted on analyzing data of ROP prevalence in Babol, and this is the first research performed on ROP in this area.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>All VLBW babies who referred to Babol ophthalmology center over the seven years, from February 2007 to December 2013 were enrolled in this descriptive cross-sectional research. A team of researchers recorded patients\u2019 information completely in check lists. A single experienced ophthalmologist performed ophthalmologic examination of patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of ROP of any stage in Babol was determined to be 306 (45%) of all babies enrolled in this study. In present study, key risk factors of ROP were low gestational age, oxygen therapy more than five days and low birth weight.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of current study demonstrate that the main risk factors of developing ROP in newborns are multiple gestation, low birth weight, oxygen therapy for more than five day. Therefore, the progression of ROP to blindness will be prevented by a high index of suspicion, suitable screening, prompt diagnosis, and early treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1874364101610010017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T04:37:24Z","timestamp":1456807044000},"page":"17-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Retinopathy of Prematurity in Neonates and its Risk Factors: A Seven Year Study in Northern Iran"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Seyed Ahmad","family":"Rasoulinejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Montazeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"refR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.3.809","volume":"108","year":"2001","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatrics (Section on Ophthalmology). Screening examination of premature infants for retinopathy of prematurity. Pediatrics 2001; 108 (3) : 809-11.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"refR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2749","volume":"117","year":"2006","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatrics (Section on Ophthalmology); American Academy of Ophthalmology; American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Screening examination of premature infants for retinopathy of prematurity. Pediatrics 2006; 117 (2) : 572-6.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"refR3","unstructured":"Phelps D. Retinopathy of prematurity. In: Fanaroff A, Martin R, Eds. Neonatal-Perinatal medicine. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier 2011; pp. 1764-70."},{"key":"refR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702924","volume":"23","author":"Filho F.J.B.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Filho FJB, Eckert GU, Procianoy L, Barros CK, Procianoy RS. Incidence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in very low and in extremely low birth weight infants in a unit-based approach in southern Brazil. Eye (Lond) 2009; 23 (1) : 25-30.","journal-title":"Eye (Lond.)"},{"key":"refR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.131813","volume":"92","author":"Chen Y.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chen Y, Li XX, Yin H, et al. Risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in six neonatal intensive care units in Beijing, China. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 92 (3) : 326-30.","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"refR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.126508","volume":"92","author":"Binkhathlan A.A.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Binkhathlan AA, Almahmoud LA, Saleh MJ, Srungeri S. Retinopathy of prematurity in Saudi Arabia: incidence, risk factors, and the applicability of current screening criteria. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 92 (2) : 167-9.","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"refR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2007.11.009","volume":"84","author":"Gilbert C.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gilbert C. Retinopathy of prematurity: a global perspective of the epidemics, population of babies at risk and implications for control. Early Hum Dev 2008; 84 (2) : 77-82.","journal-title":"Early Hum. Dev."},{"key":"refR8","first-page":"514","volume":"111","author":"Gergely K.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gergely K, Gerinec A. Retinopathy of prematurity--epidemics, incidence, prevalence, blindness. Bratisl Lek Listy (Tlacene Vyd) 2010; 111 (9) : 514-7.","journal-title":"Bratisl. Lek Listy (Tlacene Vyd)"},{"key":"refR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12371","volume":"56","author":"Ahmadpour-Kacho M.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ahmadpour-Kacho M, Motlagh AJ, Rasoulinejad SA, Jahangir T, Bijani A, Pasha YZ. Correlation between hyperglycemia and retinopathy of prematurity. Pediatr Int 2014; 56 (5) : 726-30.","journal-title":"Pediatr. Int."},{"key":"refR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1413","volume":"116","author":"Good W.V.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Good WV, Hardy RJ, Dobson V, et al. The incidence and course of retinopathy of prematurity: findings from the early treatment for retinopathy of prematurity study. Pediatrics 2005; 116 (1) : 15-23.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"refR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.2001.0091","volume":"6","author":"Fielder A.R.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fielder AR, Reynolds JD. Retinopathy of prematurity: clinical aspects. Semin Neonatol 2001; 6 (6) : 461-75.","journal-title":"Semin. Neonatol."},{"key":"refR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2012.12.007","volume":"84","author":"Gandhi B.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gandhi B, Rich W, Finer N. Time to achieve stable pulse oximetry values in VLBW infants in the delivery room. Resuscitation 2013; 84 (7) : 970-3.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"refR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197801000-00001","volume":"187","author":"Bell M.J.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Bell MJ, Ternberg JL, Feigin RD, et al. Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Therapeutic decisions based upon clinical staging. Ann Surg 1978; 187 (1) : 1-7.","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"refR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1097\/00055735-199906000-00001","volume":"10","author":"Clemett R.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Clemett R, Darlow B. Results of screening low-birth-weight infants for retinopathy of prematurity. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1999; 10 (3) : 155-63.","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"refR15","first-page":"186","volume":"58","author":"Taqui A.M.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Taqui AM, Syed R, Chaudhry TA, Ahmad K, Salat MS. Retinopathy of prematurity: frequency and risk factors in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc 2008; 58 (4) : 186-90.","journal-title":"J. Pak. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"refR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.145136","volume":"92","author":"Karkhaneh R.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Karkhaneh R, Mousavi SZ, Riazi-Esfahani M, et al. Incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary eye hospital in Tehran. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 92 (11) : 1446-9.","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"refR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.126201","volume":"92","author":"Lad E.M.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lad EM, Nguyen TC, Morton JM, Moshfeghi DM. Retinopathy of prematurity in the United States. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 92 (3) : 320-5.","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"refR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V34N2p169","volume":"34","author":"Shah V.A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shah VA, Yeo CL, Ling YL, Ho LY. Incidence, risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity among very low birth weight infants in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2005; 34 (2) : 169-78.","journal-title":"Ann. Acad. Med. Singapore"},{"key":"refR19","first-page":"209","volume":"21","author":"Ghaseminejad A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ghaseminejad A, Niknafs P. Distribution of retinopathy of prematurity and its risk factors. Iran J Pediatr 2011; 21 (2) : 209-14.","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pediatr."},{"key":"refR20","first-page":"507","volume":"16","author":"Sabzehei M.K.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sabzehei MK, Afjeh SA, Farahani DA, Shamshiri AR, Esmaili F. Retinopathy of prematurity: incidence, risk factors, and outcome. Arch Iran Med 2013; 16 (9) : 507-12.","journal-title":"Arch. Iran Med."},{"key":"refR21","first-page":"19","volume":"22","author":"Mousavi S.Z.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mousavi SZ, Esfahani RM, Roohipoor R, et al. Characteristics of advanced stages of retinopathy of prematurity. Indian J Ophthalmol 2010; 22 (2) : 19-24.","journal-title":"Indian J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"refR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20080901-12","volume":"45","author":"Mutlu F.M.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mutlu FM, Altinsoy HI, Mumcuoglu T, et al. Screening for retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care newborn unit in Turkey: frequency, outcomes, and risk factor analysis. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2008; 45 (5) : 291-8.","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Ophthalmol. Strabismus"},{"key":"refR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(99)80092-0","volume":"125","author":"Blumenfeld L.C.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Blumenfeld LC, Siatkowski RM, Johnson RA, Feuer WJ, Flynn JT. Retinopathy of prematurity in multiple-gestation pregnancies. Am J Ophthalmol 1998; 125 (2) : 197-203.","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"refR24","first-page":"47","volume":"3","author":"Riazi-Esfahani M.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Riazi-Esfahani M, Alizadeh Y, Karkhaneh R, et al. Retinopathy of prematurity: single versus multiple-birth pregnancies. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2008; 3 (1) : 47-51.","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmic Vis. Res."},{"key":"refR25","first-page":"1783","volume":"5","author":"Dos Motta S.M.M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dos Motta SMM, Filho FJB, Coblentz J, Fiorot CA. Multiple pregnancies and its relationship with the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Clin Ophthalmol 2011; 5 : 1783-7.","journal-title":"Clin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"refR26","first-page":"449","volume":"102","author":"Niwald A.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Niwald A. Risk factors of 3rd stage retinopathy of prematurity progression. Klin Oczna 2000; 102 (6) : 449-53.","journal-title":"Klin. Oczna"},{"key":"refR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27492009000400005","volume":"72","author":"Pinheiro A.M.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pinheiro AM, Silva WA, Bessa CG, Cunha HM, Ferreira MA, Gomes AH. Incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in University Hospital Onofre Lopes, Natal (RN)-Brazil. Arq Bras Oftalmol 2009; 72 (4) : 451-6.","journal-title":"Arq. Bras. Oftalmol."},{"key":"refR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-9233.97927","volume":"19","author":"Hakeem A.H.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hakeem AH, Mohamed GB, Othman MF. Retinopathy of prematurity: a study of prevalence and risk factors. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2012; 19 (3) : 289-94.","journal-title":"Middle East Afr. J Ophthalmol."}],"container-title":["The Open Ophthalmology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/openophthalmologyjournal.com\/contents\/volumes\/V10\/TOOPHTJ-10-17\/TOOPHTJ-10-17.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/openophthalmologyjournal.com\/contents\/volumes\/V10\/TOOPHTJ-10-17\/TOOPHTJ-10-17.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/openophthalmologyjournal.com\/contents\/volumes\/V10\/TOOPHTJ-10-17\/TOOPHTJ-10-17.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T18:02:29Z","timestamp":1718388149000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/openophthalmologyjournal.com\/VOLUME\/10\/PAGE\/17\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,29]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,29]]}},"alternative-id":["TOOPHTJ-10-17"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1874364101610010017","relation":{},"ISSN":["1874-3641"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1874-3641","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Peer Reviewed","order":0,"name":"review_status","label":"Review Status","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review Process","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Checked with iThenticate","order":0,"name":"screening_status","label":"Screening Status","group":{"name":"plagiarism_screening","label":"Plagiarism Screening"}},{"value":"2015-3-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-6-17","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-6-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-2-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}