{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T18:06:54Z","timestamp":1781546814548,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,29]],"date-time":"2016-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456704000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["openophthalmologyjournal.com","benthamopen.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["TOOPHTJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Trabeculectomy has been the gold standard in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma patients, no matter it is angle closure or open angle glaucoma. However in primary angle closure glaucoma, no matter the lens is cataractous or not, it is likely to be pathological, this thicker than usual lens, with or without a more anterior position, is often regarded as a strong contributing factor to angle closure. Lens extraction, no matter it is cataractous or clear, can theoretically eliminate this anatomical predisposing factor of angle closure, and thus IOP can be reduced. Based on recent results of a number of clinical trials, lens extraction alone or in combination with other IOP-lowering surgeries, may therefore play a more important role in the treating primary angle closure glaucoma. In cases when greater IOP-lowering effect is needed or if drug dependency has to be minimized, combined procedures, such as phacotrabeculectomy, can be considered, but the surgical risk can be higher than lens extraction alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2174\/1874364101610010086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T04:36:37Z","timestamp":1456806997000},"page":"86-93","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Managing Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma \u2013 The Role of Lens Extraction in this Era"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Nafees","family":"Baig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ka-Wai","family":"Kam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clement C.Y.","family":"Tham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"refR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(78)35671-2","volume":"85","author":"Schwartz L.W.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Schwartz LW, Rodrigues MM, Spaeth GL, Streeten B, Douglas C. \n                    Argon laser iridotomy in the treatment of patients with primary angle-closure or pupillary block glaucoma: a clinicopathologic study. \n                    Ophthalmology  \n                    1978; \n                    85\n                    (3)\n                    : 294-309.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"refR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.05.001","volume":"111","author":"Ritch R.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ritch R, Tham CC, Lam DS. \n                    Long-term success of argon laser peripheral iridoplasty in the management of plateau iris syndrome. \n                    Ophthalmology  \n                    2004; \n                    111\n                    (1)\n                    : 104-8.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"refR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2007.02.006","volume":"52","author":"Ritch R.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ritch R, Tham CC, Lam DS. \n                    Argon laser peripheral iridoplasty (ALPI): an update. \n                    Surv Ophthalmol  \n                    2007; \n                    52\n                    (3)\n                    : 279-88.","journal-title":"Surv. 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