{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T06:43:18Z","timestamp":1775371398769,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]],"date-time":"2017-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498694400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opennursingjournal.com","benthamopen.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["TONURSJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The novel influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 (A\/H1N1pdm) pandemic of 2009-2010 had a great impact on society.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed data from the absentee survey, conducted in elementary schools of Oita City, to evaluate the A\/H1N1pdm pandemic and to estimate the basic reproductive number (R<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>) of this novel strain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We summarized the overall absentee data and calculated the cumulative infection rate. Then, we classified the data into 3 groups according to school size: small (&lt;300 students), medium (300\u2013600 students), and large (&gt;600 students). Last, we estimated the R<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>value by using the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) mathematical model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from 60 schools and 27,403 students were analyzed. The overall cumulative infection rate was 44.4%. There were no significant differences among the grades, but the cumulative infection rate increased as the school size increased, being 37.7%, 44.4%, and 46.6% in the small, medium, and large school groups, respectively. The optimal R<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>value was 1.33, comparable with that previously reported. The data from the absentee survey were reliable, with no missing values. Hence, the R<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>derived from the SIR model closely reflected the observed R<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>. The findings support previous reports that school children are most susceptible to A\/H1N1pdm virus infection and suggest that the scale of an outbreak is associated with the size of the school.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results provide further information about the A\/H1N1pdm pandemic. We propose that an absentee survey should be implemented in the early stages of an epidemic, to prevent a pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1874434601711010064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]],"date-time":"2017-06-29T11:02:38Z","timestamp":1498734158000},"page":"64-72","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Estimation of the Basic Reproduction Number of Novel Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 in Elementary Schools Using the SIR Model"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Furushima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shoko","family":"Kawano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Ohno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Kakehashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08260","volume":"460","author":"Itoh Y.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Itoh Y, Shinya K, Kiso M, et al. 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