{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T12:18:47Z","timestamp":1754396327021},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,7]],"date-time":"2012-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["openaidsjournal.com","benthamopen.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["TOAIDJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To date, there are no studies from El Salvador among people with HIV to inform prevention programs. We\nconducted a study in El Salvador in 2008 among people with HIV using audio computer-assisted interviews on risk\nbehaviors and access to health care. Blood was tested for syphilis and herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2). Active syphilis was\ndefined as RPR titer \u22651:8. Genital specimens were tested for other sexually transmitted infections (STI) by PCR. We\nevaluated factors associated with unprotected sex with last stable partner of HIV-negative or unknown status among those\nreporting a stable partner. A total of 811 HIV-positive individuals participated: 413 men and 398 women. Prevalence of\nChlamydia and gonorrhea was low (\u22641%), while prevalence of other STI was high: <jats:italic>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic> (14%),\nsyphilis (15% seropositivity, active syphilis 3%) and HSV-2 (85%). In multivariate analysis, disclosing HIV status to\npartner (OR 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1-0.3, p&lt;0.001), participation in HIV support groups (OR 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1-0.8, p=0.01), easy\naccess to condoms (OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.9, p=0.04) were protective factors for unprotected sex. Reporting a casual\npartner in the last 12 months (OR 3.6, 95% CI: 1.5-8.5, p=0.004). and having an STI (OR 2.6, 95% CI:1.3-5.5, p=0.02)\nwere associated with an increased odds of unprotected sex. Prevention interventions among HIV-positives in El Salvador\nshould focus on increasing condom access, promoting HIV disclosure and couples testing and reducing the number of\npartners. The positive role of support groups should be used to enhance behavioral change.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2174\/1874613601206010205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,18]],"date-time":"2012-09-18T07:09:02Z","timestamp":1347952142000},"page":"205-212","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2174\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence Among People with HIV in El Salvador"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"G","family":"Paz-Bailey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Creswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ME","family":"Guardado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"AI","family":"Nieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MC","family":"Estrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Cedillos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JM","family":"Pascale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Monterroso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"refR1","unstructured":"Joint United Nations Program on HIV\/AIDS (UNAIDS). \n                AIDS\nEpidemic Update: December 2008 \n                Geneva, Switzerland:\nUNAIDS, 2008 \n                \n             Report No.: UNAIDS\/06.29E","journal-title":"Geneva, Switzerland:\nUNAIDS, 2008"},{"key":"refR2","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social (MSPAS).\nSituacion de VIH\/SDA en El Salvador \n                San Salvador, El Salvador:\nMinisterio de Salud de El Salvador \n                2008.","journal-title":"San Salvador, El Salvador:\nMinisterio de Salud de El Salvador"},{"key":"refR3","author":"Creswell J","year":"2006","unstructured":"Creswell J, Armero J, Rosental J, Monterroso E. \n                Using Lot Quality\nAssurance to Evaluate Sub-Notification of HIV\/AIDS in El\nSalvador \n                San Salvador, El Salvador: de; 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