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Patents for diarrhea and malnutrition management (WO2007\/130882A2,\nWO00\/37106A1, WO2014\/152420, and CA2987364A1) were published.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title> Objective:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The objective was to introduce anti-diarrhea functional foods with a preventive effect on\nmalnutrition.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p> Two processing techniques were applied for preparing functional foods (formula 1 ingredients\nwere made into cookies followed by grinding; formula 2 ingredients were pre-cooked, dried,\nand mixed in powder form) that were evaluated in a rat model of diarrhea with malnutrition (DM).\nFormula 2 was also assessed when mixed with nucleotides. The ingredients were edible plants that\npossess an anti-diarrheal effect with high protein sources (legumes and casein).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p> Induction of diarrhea with malnutrition, high oxidative stress, inflammation, accumulation\nof liver fat, and histopathological changes were demonstrated in DM control compared to normal\ncontrol. The functional foods produced variable improvement in growth curves, food efficiency ratio,\nhemoglobin, hematocrit and plasma zinc, protein, albumin, globulin, lipase activity, and MDA.\nFormula 1 was superior in improving intestinal histopathology while formula 2 was more efficient\nin elevating plasma iron. Formula 2 with nucleotides was the best in improving growth curves, alkaline\nphosphatase, and reducing liver fat. Intestinal mucosa reduced glutathione and nitrite showed\nan efficient significant reduction on treatment with formula 2 with or without nucleotides. The formulas\nshowed an anti-diarrheal effect by improving feces weight and moisture content.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Studied functional foods showed an anti-diarrheal effect and malnutrition improvement\nwith different degrees.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/2212798411666200410084202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]],"date-time":"2020-04-10T18:07:52Z","timestamp":1586542072000},"page":"257-270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Functional Foods for Management of Diarrhea and Malnutrition in Rats Emphasizing on Nucleotides Role"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8114-2718","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sahar Youssef","family":"Al-Okbi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rasha Salah","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enas Sabry Kotb","family":"Al-Siedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3463-8945","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shaimaa Elsayed","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1992.47.28","volume":"47","author":"Guerrant R.L.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Guerrant R.L.; Schorling J.B.; McAuliffe J.F.; de Souza M.A.; Diarrhea as a cause and an effect of malnutrition: diarrhea prevents catch-up growth and malnutrition increases diarrhea frequency and duration. 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