{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T02:37:39Z","timestamp":1768703859837,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["eurekaselect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["DDL"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The development of novel drug carriers is invaluable to maximize therapeutic\nefficiency and improve specificity. Dioctadecyl-dimethylammonium bromide (DODAB):\nmonoolein (MO) (1:2) liposomes exhibit non-lamellar phases in their core that improve the encapsulation\nability of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules. This study explores the use of this\nnanosystem for the therapeutic delivery of cytokines, specifically of leukemia inhibitory factor\n(LIF). Nanocarriers can overcome the drawbacks of direct cytokine administration, like poor bioavailability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DODAB:MO (1:2) liposomes were produced by lipid film hydration, followed by extrusion,\nand used for encapsulating 0.125 and 0.25 \u03bcM LIF. The produced nanoparticles were characterized\nin terms of size and zeta potential, FTIR and STEM. LIF was quantified with an optimized\nBradford method to determine encapsulation efficiencies, drug loading, and release profile. Cytotoxicity\nwas assessed by hemolysis, and mouse myoblasts were used to validate bioactivity in\nvitro.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neither the extrusion nor the protein incorporation steps promoted significant alterations\nin cytokine structure. LIF-containing liposomes DODAB (1:2) nanosystem were small\n(~200-300nm), positively charged (~50-60mV), non-toxic, and stable at physiological pH. Biophysical\ncharacterization identified liposomal formulation of 200 \u03bcM DODAB:MO (1:2) at 0.25\n\u03bcM as the most efficient system. The bioactivity analysis showed an increase of ~20% in cell proliferation\nafter 48h of incubation when compared to free mLIF. Also, the LIF-containing DODAB:\nMO (1:2) liposomal formulation, when exposed to serum, revealed a capacity to protect its cargo\nfor up to 6 h.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The DODAB:MO (1:2) nanosystem was found to be efficient for cytokine delivery,\nstabilizing mLIF, and promoting its bioactivity with multiple applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/0122103031336363250109091243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T05:14:03Z","timestamp":1739250843000},"page":"334-346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pleiotropic Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Encapsulated in DODAB:MO Liposomes for Multiple Biomedical Applications"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8507-4152","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Pinho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology) \/ ARNET (Aquatic ResearchNetwork) Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"IB-S Instituteof Science and Innovation for Sustainability, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0987-4073","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mario","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology) \/ ARNET (Aquatic ResearchNetwork) Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"IB-S Instituteof Science and Innovation for Sustainability, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9477-9945","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Raul","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology) \/ ARNET (Aquatic ResearchNetwork) Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"IB-S Instituteof Science and Innovation for Sustainability, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9728-8172","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria Elisabete C.D. Real","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CF-UM-UP (Centro de F\u00edsica das Universidades do Minho e do Porto), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0567-064X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andreia C.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology) \/ ARNET (Aquatic ResearchNetwork) Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"IB-S Instituteof Science and Innovation for Sustainability, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2022.05.006","volume":"104","author":"Pagoni P.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pagoni P.; Korologou-Linden R.S.; Howe L.D.; Davey Smith G.; Ben-Shlomo Y.; Stergiakouli E.; Anderson E.L.; Causal effects of circulating cytokine concentrations on risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and cognitive function. Brain Behav Immun  2022,104,54-64","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"ref=2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-023-00559-0","volume":"9","author":"Jiang S.S.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jiang S.S.; Wang Y.L.; Xu Q.H.; Gu L.Y.; Kang R.Q.; Yang W.Y.; Zhang B.R.; Tian J.; Pu J.L.; Cytokine and chemokine map of peripheral specific immune cell subsets in Parkinson\u2019s disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis  2023,9(1),117","journal-title":"NPJ Parkinsons Dis"},{"key":"ref=3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12111522","volume":"12","author":"Nikovics K.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nikovics K.; Favier A.L.; Rocher M.; Mayinga C.; Gomez J.; Dufour-Gaume F.; Riccobono D.; In situ identification of both IL-4 and IL-10 cytokine\u2013receptor interactions during tissue regeneration. Cells  2023,12(11),1522","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref=4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4670","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07036-w","volume":"9","author":"Tsarouchas T.M.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tsarouchas T.M.; Wehner D.; Cavone L.; Munir T.; Keatinge M.; Lambertus M.; Underhill A.; Barrett T.; Kassapis E.; Ogryzko N.; Feng Y.; van Ham T.J.; Becker T.; Becker C.G.; Dynamic control of proinflammatory cytokines Il-1&#x3B2; and Tnf-&#x3B1; by macrophages in zebrafish spinal cord regeneration. Nat Commun  2018,9(1),4670","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"ref=5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyaa055","volume":"23","author":"Borsini A.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Borsini A.; Di Benedetto M.G.; Giacobbe J.; Pariante C.M.; Pro- and anti-inflammatory properties of interleukin (IL6) in vitro: Relevance for major depression and for human hippocampal neurogenesis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol  2020,23(11),738-750","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"ref=6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13234","volume":"320","author":"Santollani L.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Santollani L.; Wittrup K.D.; Spatiotemporally programming cytokine immunotherapies through protein engineering. Immunol Rev  2023,320(1),10-28","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"ref=7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-022-00557-6","volume":"22","author":"Saxton R.A.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saxton R.A.; Glassman C.R.; Garcia K.C.; Emerging principles of cytokine pharmacology and therapeutics. Nat Rev Drug Discov  2023,22(1),21-37","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"ref=8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14112533","volume":"14","author":"Akbarian M.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Akbarian M.; Chen S.H.; Instability challenges and stabilization strategies of pharmaceutical proteins. Pharmaceutics  2022,14(11),2533","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"ref=9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222-023-00030-y","volume":"1","author":"Deckers J.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Deckers J.; Anbergen T.; Hokke A.M.; de Dreu A.; Schrijver D.P.; de Bruin K.; Toner Y.C.; Beldman T.J.; Spangler J.B.; de Greef T.F.A.; Grisoni F.; van der Meel R.; Joosten L.A.B.; Merkx M.; Netea M.G.; Mulder W.J.M.; Engineering cytokine therapeutics. Nat Revi Bioenginee  2023,1(4),286-303","journal-title":"Nat Revi Bioenginee"},{"key":"ref=10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7098","DOI":"10.3390\/app10207098","volume":"10","author":"Gon&#xE7;alves A.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gon&#xE7;alves A.; Machado R.; Gomes A.C.; Costa A.; Nanotechnology solutions for controlled cytokine delivery: An applied perspective. Appl Sci (Basel)  2020,10(20),7098","journal-title":"Appl Sci (Basel)"},{"key":"ref=11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-018-0066-7","volume":"18","author":"Jones S.A.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jones S.A.; Jenkins B.J.; Recent insights into targeting the IL-6 cytokine family in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Nat Rev Immunol  2018,18(12),773-789","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref=12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4469","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.4469","volume":"31","author":"Costa A.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Costa A.; Franco-Duarte R.; Machado R.; Gomes A.C.; Uncovering the promiscuous activity of IL-6 proteins: A multi-dimensional analysis of phylogeny, classification and residue conservation. Protein Sci  2022,31(11),e4469","journal-title":"Protein Sci"},{"key":"ref=13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.11.005","volume":"52","author":"Pinho V.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pinho V.; Fernandes M.; da Costa A.; Machado R.; Gomes A.C.; Leukemia inhibitory factor: Recent advances and implications in biotechnology. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev  2020,52,25-33","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"ref=14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-019-2034-2","volume":"39","author":"Liu C.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu C.; Zhou H.; Zhong J.; Tang T.; Cui H.; Zhou J.; Zhang Q.; Mei Z.; Leukemia inhibitory factor decreases neurogenesis and angiogenesis in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage. Curr Med Sci  2019,39(2),298-304","journal-title":"Curr Med Sci"},{"key":"ref=15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2020.113324","volume":"330","author":"Lin J.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin J.; Niimi Y.; Clausi M.G.; Kanal H.D.; Levison S.W.; Neuroregenerative and protective functions of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor in perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Exp Neurol  2020,330,113324","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"ref=16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0156562","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0156562","volume":"11","author":"Kanda M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kanda M.; Nagai T.; Takahashi T.; Liu M.L.; Kondou N.; Naito A.T.; Akazawa H.; Sashida G.; Iwama A.; Komuro I.; Kobayashi Y.; Leukemia inhibitory factor enhances endogenous cardiomyocyte regeneration after myocardial infarction. PLoS One  2016,11(5),e0156562","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref=17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2017.05.014","volume":"97","author":"Henn&#xF8; L.T.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Henn&#xF8; L.T.; Storjord E.; Christiansen D.; Bergseth G.; Ludviksen J.K.; Fure H.; Barene S.; Nielsen E.W.; Mollnes T.E.; Brekke O.L.; Effect of the anticoagulant, storage time and temperature of blood samples on the concentrations of 27 multiplex assayed cytokines \u2013 Consequences for defining reference values in healthy humans. Cytokine  2017,97,86-95","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"ref=18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2018.06.009","volume":"113","author":"Vincent F.B.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vincent F.B.; Nim H.T.; Lee J.P.W.; Morand E.F.; Harris J.; Effect of storage duration on cytokine stability in human serum and plasma. Cytokine  2019,113,453-457","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"ref=19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.4.2635","volume":"175","author":"Zhao W.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhao W.; Oskeritzian C.A.; Pozez A.L.; Schwartz L.B.; Cytokine production by skin-derived mast cells: Endogenous proteases are responsible for degradation of cytokines. J Immunol  2005,175(4),2635-2642","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref=20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eade5686","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.ade5686","volume":"7","author":"Gaggero S.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gaggero S.; Martinez-Fabregas J.; Cozzani A.; Fyfe P.K.; Leprohon M.; Yang J.; Thomasen F.E.; Winkelmann H.; Magnez R.; Conti A.G.; Wilmes S.; Pohler E.; van Gijsel Bonnello M.; Thuru X.; Quesnel B.; Soncin F.; Piehler J.; Lindorff-Larsen K.; Roychoudhuri R.; Moraga I.; Mitra S.; IL-2 is inactivated by the acidic pH environment of tumors enabling engineering of a pH-selective mutein. Sci Immunol  2022,7(78),eade5686","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"ref=21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041480315","volume":"148","author":"Hilton D.J.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hilton D.J.; Nicola N.A.; Waring P.M.; Metcalf D.; Clearance and fate of leukemia-inhibitory factor (LIF) after injection into mice. J Cell Physiol  1991,148(3),430-439","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref=22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2606","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14122606","volume":"14","author":"Lian H.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lian H.; Ma S.; Zhao D.; Zhao W.; Cui Y.; Hua Y.; Zhang Z.; Cytokine therapy combined with nanomaterials participates in cancer immunotherapy. Pharmaceutics  2022,14(12),2606","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"ref=23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450119666180703145410","volume":"20","author":"Oliveira A.C.N.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oliveira A.C.N.; Fernandes J.; Gon&#xE7;alves A.; Gomes A.C.; Oliveira M.E.C.D.R.; Lipid-based nanocarriers for siRNA delivery: Challenges, strategies and the lessons learned from the DODAX: MO liposomal system. Curr Drug Targets  2018,20(1),29-50","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref=24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6977","DOI":"10.1021\/am500793y","volume":"6","author":"Oliveira A.C.N.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Oliveira A.C.N.; Martens T.F.; Raemdonck K.; Adati R.D.; Feitosa E.; Botelho C.; Gomes A.C.; Braeckmans K.; Real Oliveira M.E.C.D.; Dioctadecyldimethylammonium:monoolein nanocarriers for efficient in vitro gene silencing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces  2014,6(9),6977-6989","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"ref=25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2014.11.028","volume":"89","author":"Carneiro C.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Carneiro C.; Correia A.; Collins T.; Vilanova M.; Pais C.; Gomes A.C.; Real Oliveira M.E.C.D.; Sampaio P.; DODAB:monoolein liposomes containing Candida albicans cell wall surface proteins: A novel adjuvant and delivery system. Eur J Pharm Biopharm  2015,89,190-200","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Biopharm"},{"key":"ref=26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2016.05.001","volume":"39","author":"Carneiro C.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carneiro C.; Correia A.; Lima T.; Vilanova M.; Pais C.; Gomes A.C.; Real Oliveira M.E.C.D.; Sampaio P.; Protective effect of antigen delivery using monoolein-based liposomes in experimental hematogenously disseminated candidiasis. Acta Biomater  2016,39,133-145","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"ref=27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2014.06.014","volume":"1838","author":"Silva J.P.N.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Silva J.P.N.; Oliveira I.M.S.C.; Oliveira A.C.N.; L&#xFA;cio M.; Gomes A.C.; Coutinho P.J.G.; Oliveira M.E.C.D.R.; Structural dynamics and physicochemical properties of pDNA\/DODAB:MO lipoplexes: Effect of pH and anionic lipids in inverted non-lamellar phases versus lamellar phases. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr  2014,1838(10),2555-2567","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr"},{"key":"ref=28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2014.06.019","volume":"121","author":"Silva J.P.N.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Silva J.P.N.; Oliveira A.C.N.; L&#xFA;cio M.; Gomes A.C.; Coutinho P.J.G.; Oliveira M.E.C.D.R.; Tunable pDNA\/DODAB:MO lipoplexes: The effect of incubation temperature on pDNA\/DODAB:MO lipoplexes structure and transfection efficiency. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces  2014,121,371-379","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"ref=29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2015.07.001","volume":"26","author":"Nicola N.A.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nicola N.A.; Babon J.J.; Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Cytokine Growth Factor Rev  2015,26(5),533-544","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"ref=30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(03)00365-4","volume":"12","author":"Boulanger M.J.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boulanger M.J.; Bankovich A.J.; Kortemme T.; Baker D.; Garcia K.C.; Convergent mechanisms for recognition of divergent cytokines by the shared signaling receptor gp130. Mol Cell  2003,12(3),577-589","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"ref=31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12737","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705577104","volume":"104","author":"Huyton T.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Huyton T.; Zhang J.G.; Luo C.S.; Lou M.Z.; Hilton D.J.; Nicola N.A.; Garrett T.P.J.; An unusual cytokine:Ig-domain interaction revealed in the crystal structure of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in complex with the LIF receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA  2007,104(31),12737-12742","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"ref=32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27169","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M303168200","volume":"278","author":"Plun-Favreau H.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Plun-Favreau H.; Perret D.; Diveu C.; Froger J.; Chevalier S.; Leli&#xE8;vre E.; Gascan H.; Chabbert M.; Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), cardiotrophin-1, and oncostatin M share structural binding determinants in the immunoglobulin-like domain of LIF receptor. J Biol Chem  2003,278(29),27169-27179","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref=33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1039\/C6TX00074F","volume":"5","author":"Oliveira A.C.N.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Oliveira A.C.N.; S&#xE1;rria M.P.; Moreira P.; Fernandes J.; Castro L.; Lopes I.; C&#xF4;rte-Real M.; Cavaco-Paulo A.; Real Oliveira M.E.C.D.; Gomes A.C.; Counter ions and constituents combination affect DODAX : MO nanocarriers toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Res (Camb)  2016,5(4),1244-1255","journal-title":"Toxicol Res (Camb)"},{"key":"ref=34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23976","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.38.23976","volume":"272","author":"Owczarek C.M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Owczarek C.M.; Zhang Y.; Layton M.J.; Metcalf D.; Roberts B.; Nicola N.A.; The unusual species cross-reactivity of the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor\u03b1-chain is determined primarily by the immunoglobulin-like domain. J Biol Chem  1997,272(38),23976-23985","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref=35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2004.11.002","volume":"1743","author":"Jo C.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jo C.; Kim H.; Jo I.; Choi I.; Jung S.C.; Kim J.; Kim S.S.; Jo S.A.; Leukemia inhibitory factor blocks early differentiation of skeletal muscle cells by activating ERK. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res  2005,1743(3),187-197","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res"},{"key":"ref=36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1021\/mp100203a","volume":"8","author":"Park J.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Park J.; Gao W.; Whiston R.; Strom T.B.; Metcalfe S.; Fahmy T.M.; Modulation of CD4+ T lymphocyte lineage outcomes with targeted, nanoparticle-mediated cytokine delivery. Mol Pharm  2011,8(1),143-152","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"key":"ref=37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-017-2282-4","volume":"35","author":"Davis S.M.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Davis S.M.; Reichel D.; Bae Y.; Pennypacker K.R.; Leukemia inhibitory factor-loaded nanoparticles with enhanced cytokine metabolic stability and anti-inflammatory activity. Pharm Res  2018,35(1),6","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"ref=38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-91215-0.00006-6","author":"Stromberg Z.R.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Stromberg Z.R.; Jacobsen D.E.; Kocheril P.A.; Kubicek-Sutherland J.Z.; Biological toxicity and environmental hazards associated with PLGA nanoparticles. Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles Drug Delivery  2023,457-475","journal-title":"Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles Drug Delivery"},{"key":"ref=39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3109\/08982104.2015.1076463","volume":"26","author":"Lopes I.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lopes I.; C N Oliveira A.; P S&#xE1;rria M.; P Neves Silva J.; Gon&#xE7;alves O.; Gomes A.C.; Real Oliveira M.E.C.D.; Monoolein-based nanocarriers for enhanced folate receptor-mediated RNA delivery to cancer cells. J Liposome Res  2016,26(3),199-210","journal-title":"J Liposome Res"},{"key":"ref=40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3784","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkg563","volume":"31","author":"Gasteiger E.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gasteiger E.; Gattiker A.; Hoogland C.; Ivanyi I.; Appel R.D.; Bairoch A.; ExPASy: The proteomics server for in-depth protein knowledge and analysis. Nucleic Acids Res  2003,31(13),3784-3788","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"ref=41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2021.06.018","volume":"336","author":"Fernandes M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fernandes M.; Lopes I.; Magalh&#xE3;es L.; S&#xE1;rria M.P.; Machado R.; Sousa J.C.; Botelho C.; Teixeira J.; Gomes A.C.; Novel concept of exosome-like liposomes for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Control Release  2021,336,130-143","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"ref=42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-0186(95)00014-Y","volume":"27","author":"Vakakis N.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vakakis N.; Bower J.; Austin L.; in vitro myoblast to myotube transformations in the presence of leukemia inhibitory factor. Neurochem Int  1995,27(4-5),329-335","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"}],"container-title":["Drug Delivery Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/article\/download?doi=10.2174\/0122103031336363250109091243","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/238451\/article","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/article\/download?doi=10.2174\/0122103031336363250109091243","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T04:37:40Z","timestamp":1763095060000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/238451\/article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["LiveAll1"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/0122103031336363250109091243","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-3031"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-3031","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Peer Reviewed","order":0,"name":"review_status","label":"Review Status","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Double blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review Process","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Checked with iThenticate","order":0,"name":"screening_status","label":"Screening Status","group":{"name":"plagiarism_screening","label":"Plagiarism Screening"}},{"value":"2024-07-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-21","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}