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Despite early promising results from phase II studies, recently revealed RELAX-AHF-2 outcomes were rather disappointing and the treatment for acute heart failure remains an unmet medical need. This article reviews the physiologic actions of relaxin on the cardiovascular system and its relevance in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. We summarize the most updated clinical data and discuss future directions of serelaxin for the treatment of acute heart failure. This should encourage additional work to determine how can relaxin&amp;#039;s beneficial effects be exploited for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524019666191023121607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,23]],"date-time":"2019-10-23T14:45:54Z","timestamp":1571841954000},"page":"167-184","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Relaxin and the Cardiovascular System: from Basic Science to Clinical Practice"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Rafael Clara","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Pintalh\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Adelino","family":"Leite-Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Castro-Chaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0b013e3181f493e3","volume":"18","author":"Grossman J.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grossman J.; Frishman W.H.; Relaxin: a new approach for the treatment of acute congestive heart failure. 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