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In vitro experimental studies using cell cultures were included.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p> A total of 328 studies were initially identified, with 16 included for qualitative synthesis.\nSeven studies used neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma and PC12 cell line) and nine used nonneuronal\ncells. All the studies described the culture conditions, but most studies were inconsistent\nwith regard to reporting results and raw data. Only one-third of the studies performed cell viability\nassays, while a further 30% conducted gene expression analysis. Other additional tests included\nelectrophysiological evaluation and transporter activity. More than 50% of the studies evaluated the\neffects of drugs such as methylphenidate and atomoxetine, while plant extracts were assessed in\nfour studies and polyunsaturated fatty acids in one.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We suggested a flowchart to guide the planning and execution of studies, and a checklist\nto be completed by authors to allow the standardized reporting of results. This may guide the\nelaboration of laboratory protocols and further in vitro studies.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159x17666190409143155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,13]],"date-time":"2019-05-13T00:43:44Z","timestamp":1557708224000},"page":"916-925","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Using Cell Cultures for the Investigation of Treatments for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Danielly","family":"Chierrito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Camila B.","family":"Villas-Boas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, Cascavel, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Fernanda S.","family":"Tonin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Fernandez-Llimos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iMed.ULisboa, Department of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9ia C.C.","family":"Sanches","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, Cascavel, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o C.P.","family":"de Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, Brazil"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/rmb2.12024","volume":"16","author":"Yao T.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yao T.; Asayama Y.; Animal-cell culture media: History, characteristics, and current issues. 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