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The aim of this study was to characterize the oral load, fluconazole susceptibility profile and genotypic variability of oral<jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>isolates from patients with DRS before (T0), immediately after fluconazole treatment (Tat) and after 6-months follow-up (T6m). Eighteen patients presenting DRS and treated with fluconazole were followed at the Faculty of Dentistry of Oporto University. Seventy<jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>isolates were obtained and identified using standard cultural and biochemical multi-testing. Fluconazole susceptibility was tested by E-test<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>. Microsatellite-primed PCR was performed to assess the genotypic variability of<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic>isolates. The patients\u2019 mean age was 58.0\u00b13.2 years, and 55.6%\/44.4% had total\/partial dentures. Before treatment, 22.2%, 44.4% and 33.3% of the patients presented DRS type I, II or III, respectively. Fluconazole treatment healed or improved DRS in 77.8% of the patients, accompanied by an 83.5% reduction in oral<jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>load. However, after 6-months, oral<jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>load increased significantly and DRS severity was similar to the one observed before treatment. Moreover, the prevalence of patients presenting fluconazole resistant isolates of<jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>increased significantly throughout the study: T0-5.6%, Tat-10.0% and T6m-42.9%. A change in the genotypic variability of<jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>isolates was also verified, being mostly associated to fluconazole susceptibility profile change. In conclusion, fluconazole presents a good short-term DRS treatment efficiency, but may be associated to a long-term emergence of<jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>fluconazole resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2174\/1874210601509010046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,6]],"date-time":"2015-02-06T10:45:02Z","timestamp":1423219502000},"page":"46-51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effect of Denture-Related Stomatitis Fluconazole Treatment on Oral Candida albicans Susceptibility Profile and Genotypic Variability"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Maria Helena","family":"Figueiral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Manuel","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eug\u00e9nia","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Pereira-Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Benedita","family":"Sampaio-Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"refR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.2007.01709.x","volume":"34","author":"Figueiral MH","year":"2007","unstructured":"Figueiral MH, Azul A, Pinto E, Fonseca PA, Branco FM, Scully C. 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