{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T20:47:59Z","timestamp":1761338879552},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,1]],"date-time":"2005-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1125532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Science"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Water Environment Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Scale\u2010up of a hollow\u2010fiber\u2010membrane (HFM) bioreactor treating trichloroethylene\u2010 (TCE\u2010) contaminated water via co\u2010metabolism with the methanotroph Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b PP358 was investigated through cost comparisons, bioreactor experiments, and mathematical modeling. Cost comparisons, based on a hypothetical treatment scenario of 568\u2010L\/min (150\u2010gpm) flowrate with an influent TCE concentration of 100 \u03bcg\/L, resulted in a configuration of treatment trains with two HFM modules in series and an overall annual cost of $0.36\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> treated. Biological experiments were conducted with short lumen and shell residence times, 0.16 and 0.40 min, respectively, as a result of the cost comparisons. A new variable, specific transformation, was defined for characterizing the co\u2010metabolic transformation in continuous\u2010flow systems, and values as large as 38.5 \u03bcg TCE\/mg total suspended solids were sustainable for TCE treatment. Using mathematical modeling, HFM bioreactor system design was investigated, resulting in a five\u2010step system design strategy to facilitate sizing of the unit processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2175\/106143005x67458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,17]],"date-time":"2005-10-17T09:58:55Z","timestamp":1129543135000},"page":"533-542","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Scale\u2010Up Considerations for a Hollow\u2010Fiber\u2010Membrane Bioreactor Treating Trichloroethylene\u2010Contaminated Water"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Jonathan G.","family":"Pressman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Georgiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Gerald E.","family":"Speitel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es00020a003"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.57.1.228-235.1991","article-title":"Effects of Toxicity, Aeration, and Reductant Supply on Trichloroethylene Transformation by a Mixed Methanotrophic Culture.","volume":"57","author":"Alvarez\u2010Cohen L.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Appl. 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