{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T09:54:19Z","timestamp":1794304459359,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Water Environment Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Being a non\u2010renewable resource and a source of potential water pollution, phosphorus could be recovered from animal manure in the form of struvite (MgNH<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>PO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u00b76H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O) to be used as a slow\u2010release fertilizer. It was found recently that the majority of phosphorus in anaerobically digested dairy effluent is tied up in a fine suspended calcium\u2010phosphate solid, thus becoming unavailable for struvite formation. Acidification and use of a chelating agent were investigated for converting the calcium\u2010associated phosphorus in the digested effluent to dissolved phosphate ions, so that struvite can be produced. The results demonstrated that the phosphorus in the effluent was released into the solution by lowering the pH. In addition, the phosphorus concentration in the solution increased significantly with increased ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) concentration, as EDTA has a high stability constant with calcium. Most of the phosphorus (91%) was released into the solution after adding EDTA. Further, the freed phosphorus ion precipitated out as struvite provided that sufficient magnesium ions (Mg<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>) were present in the solution. Furthermore, the phase structure of the solid precipitate obtained from the EDTA treatment matched well with standard struvite, based on the data from X\u2010ray diffraction analysis. These results provide methods for altering the forms of phosphorus for the design and application of phosphorus\u2010removal technologies for dairy wastewater management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2175\/106143009x425924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,24]],"date-time":"2009-12-24T07:47:31Z","timestamp":1261640851000},"page":"34-42","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["Releasing Phosphorus from Calcium for Struvite Fertilizer Production from Anaerobically Digested Dairy Effluent"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Tianxi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith E.","family":"Bowers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph H.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shulin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/s03-040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"Standards Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,","author":"American Public Health AssociationAmerican Water Works AssociationWater Environment Federation","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-8524(94)90078-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-8524(94)90077-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(00)00498-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(97)00137-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1021\/ie050796g","article-title":"Phosphorus Removal from Anaerobic Supernatants: Start\u2010Up and Steady\u2010State Conditions of a Fluidized Bed Reactor Full Scale Plant","volume":"45","author":"Battistoni P.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.18504","article-title":"Design of Cone Shaped Fluidized Bed Struvite Crystallizer for Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater","volume":"48","author":"Bowers K. B.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.18523","article-title":"Performance of Cone\u2010Shaped Fluidized Bed Struvite Crystallizer in Removing Phosphorus from Wastewater","volume":"48","author":"Bowers K. B.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1080\/09593332208618190","article-title":"Laboratory and In Situ Reductions of Soluble Phosphorus in Swine Waste Slurries","volume":"22","author":"Burns R. T.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ. Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"Effects of Different Treatments of Cattle Slurry Manure on Water\u2010Extractable Phosphorus","volume":"51","author":"Chapuis\u2010Lardy L.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Netherlands J. Agric. Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2002.2058"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2000.00472425002900020019x","article-title":"Laboratory Procedures for Characterizing Manure Phosphorus","volume":"29","author":"Dou Z.","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(02)00126-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021859600041599"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.19182","article-title":"Influence of Anaerobic Digestion on Dairy Manure Phosphorus Extractability","volume":"48","author":"G\u00fcng\u00f6r K.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2006.11.049"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.19188","article-title":"Probable Phosphorus Solid Phases and Their Stability in Ananerobically Digested Dairy Manure","volume":"48","author":"G\u00fcng\u00f6r K.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2007.06.065"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2004.1528"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2001.3051685x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(01)00391-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","unstructured":"JCPDS.1986Mineral Powder Diffraction File Data Book Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Society (JCPDS)\u2014International Center for Diffraction Data . McClune W. FJCPDS\u2013ICDD in cooperation with the American Ceramic Society;In cooperation with the American Ceramic Society:1127. (File No. 15\u2010762)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2004.05.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2002.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2006.10.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrysgro.2005.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003740050286"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(86)90097-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-1486-6"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","first-page":"417","article-title":"Extension and Application of the Three\u2010Phase Weak Acid\/Base Kinetic Model to the Aeration Treatment of Anaerobic Digester Liquors","volume":"26","author":"Musvoto E. V.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Water SA"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8524(03)00076-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2007.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2000.00472425002900050012x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2175\/106143004X151491"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(02)00498-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2004.12.017"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-8524(92)90180-6","article-title":"A Laboratory Study of Struvite Precipitation After Anaerobic Digestion of Piggery Wastes","volume":"41","author":"Wrigley T. J.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2003.0045","article-title":"Removal and Recovery of Phosphate and Ammonium as Struvite from Supernatant in Anaerobic Digestion","volume":"48","author":"Yoshino M.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.3083","article-title":"Evaluation of Two\u2010Stage Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor Systems for Animal Wastewater Treatment","volume":"43","author":"Zhang R. H.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng"}],"container-title":["Water Environment Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.2175%2F106143009X425924","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2175\/106143009X425924","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T04:46:58Z","timestamp":1694753218000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.2175\/106143009X425924"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2175\/106143009X425924"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2175\/106143009x425924","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1061-4303","1554-7531"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1061-4303","type":"print"},{"value":"1554-7531","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]}}}