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Mortality after broad- versus narrow-spectrum antibiotic treatment for            patients with nursing and healthcare-associated pneumonia: a nationwide retrospective            cohort study. J Hosp Med          2026; 21:          477\u2013486.","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.70195"},{"key":"4","unstructured":"4. Japanese Respiratory Society Adult Pneumonia          Guideline 2024 Committee. Adult Pneumonia Clinical Practice Guideline 2024. Japanese          Respiratory Society, Tokyo, 2024."},{"key":"5","unstructured":"5. World Health            Organization. Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. World Health          Organization, Geneva, 2015."},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Kudoh              R, Yoneoka              D, Hagiwara              A, et al.            Role of antipseudomonal antibiotics in older patients with aspiration            pneumonia: a nationwide database study in Japan. 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De-escalation of empirical therapy is associated with lower mortality in            patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. Intensive Care            Med          2014; 40: 32\u201340.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-3077-7"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Madaras-Kelly              KJ, Remington              RE, Sloan              KL, et al.            Guideline-based antibiotics and mortality in healthcare-associated            pneumonia. J Gen Intern Med          2012; 27: 845\u2013852.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-012-2011-y"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Schuts              EC, Hulscher              MEJL, Mouton              JW, et al.            Current evidence on hospital antimicrobial stewardship objectives: a            systematic review and meta-analysis. 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