{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T17:04:12Z","timestamp":1779901452417,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Institute of Anticancer Research","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CDP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Aim:\nTo reduce recurrence, immediate postoperative intravesical chemotherapy (IVC) is recommended for patients with low-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). This study evaluated recurrence outcomes in patients with low-risk NMIBC who did not receive immediate IVC and the potential benefit of introducing this approach.\nPatients and Methods:\nWe retrospectively analyzed 100 patients with low-risk NMIBC who were selected from 1,845 patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor at our institution. According to international guidelines, low-risk was defined as primary, single, solitary (&lt;3 cm), pTa, low-grade tumors without concomitant carcinoma in situ. None of the patients received immediate IVC. Tumors were re-evaluated using the 1973 and 2004\/2016 World Health Organization classifications. Recurrence rates and patterns and oncological outcomes were examined.\nResults:\nDuring a median follow-up of 69 months, 45 (45%) patients experienced recurrence. The cumulative recurrence rates were 21.6% at 1 year and 46.1% at 5 years. At first recurrence, high-grade progression was observed in 12% of the patients and upstaging to pT1 in 4%. Subsequently, 2% of patients progressed to muscle-invasive disease. The 5-year recurrence rates were 38.0% and 51.6% in G1 and G2 patients, respectively (p=0.204). The 5-year cancer-specific and overall survival rates were 98.3% and 89.4%, respectively.\nConclusion:\nThe recurrence rate was high in low-risk patients with NMIBC who did not receive immediate IVC, and a subset of patients progressed to more aggressive disease. These findings underscore the potential benefit of introducing immediate IVC in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.21873\/cdp.10514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T19:43:34Z","timestamp":1768160614000},"page":"135-143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Recurrence of Low-risk Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer in Patients Who Did Not Receive Immediate Intravesical Chemotherapy"],"prefix":"10.21873","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"AKINORI","family":"MINATO","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KAZUMASA","family":"JOJIMA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SHUKI","family":"WATANABE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YOSHIHIRO","family":"SUGITA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YUI","family":"MIZUSHIMA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"TAKUO","family":"MATSUKAWA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RIEKO","family":"KIMURO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KATSUYOSHI","family":"HIGASHIJIMA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YUJIRO","family":"NAGATA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"IKKO","family":"TOMISAKI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EIJI","family":"KASHIWAGI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"9336","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]]},"container-title":["Cancer Diagnosis &amp; Prognosis"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T19:43:37Z","timestamp":1768160617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cancerdiagnosisprognosis.org\/article\/568\/recurrence-of-low-risk-non-muscle-invasive-bladder-cancer-in-patients-who-did-not-receive-immediate-intravesical-chemotherapy"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21873\/cdp.10514","relation":{},"ISSN":["2732-7787"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2732-7787","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]]}}}