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Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Vital Statistics. https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/english\/database\/db-hw\/vs01.html Accessed 25. 4. 2024."},{"key":"2","unstructured":"2. The World Bank. Life expectancy at birth, total (years). https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/SP.DYN.LE00.IN Accessed 25. 4. 2024."},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Islam N, Jdanov DA, Shkolnikov VM, et\u00a0al. Effects of covid-19 pandemic on life expectancy and premature mortality in 2020: time series analysis in 37 countries. <i>BMJ<\/i>. 2021;375:e066768.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-066768"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Tanaka H, Togawa K, Katanoda K. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality trends in Japan: a reversal in 2021? A descriptive analysis of national mortality data, 1995\u20132021. <i>BMJ Open<\/i>. 2023;13(8):e071785.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-071785"},{"key":"5","unstructured":"5. The Japan Times. 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Assessing the quality of cause of death data in six high-income countries: Australia, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Japan and Switzerland. <i>Int J Public Health<\/i>. 2020;65:17\u201328.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-019-01325-x"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Nomura S, Eguchi A, Ghaznavi C, et\u00a0al. Excess deaths from non-COVID-19-related causes in Japan and 47 prefectures from January 2020 through May 2021 by place of death. <i>SSM Popul Health<\/i>. 2022;19:101196.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2022.101196"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Nomura S, Nishio M, Abe SK, et\u00a0al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer death locations in Japan: an analysis up to February 2023 on excess mortality. <i>J Epidemiol<\/i>. 2024;34(7):349\u2013355.","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20230235"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Nomura S, Eguchi A, Ghaznavi C, et\u00a0al. 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Excess suicides in Japan: a three-year post-pandemic assessment of gender and age disparities. <i>Psychiatry Res<\/i>. 2024;334:115806.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2024.115806"},{"key":"26","unstructured":"26. Excess and Exiguous Deaths Dashboard in Japan. Excess and Exiguous Deaths Dashboard in Japan. https:\/\/exdeaths-japan.org\/en\/ Accessed 25. 4. 2024."},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27. Kawashima T, Nomura S, Tanoue Y, et\u00a0al. Excess all-cause deaths during coronavirus disease pandemic, Japan, January\u2013May 2020. <i>Emerg Infect Dis<\/i>. 2021;27(3):789\u2013795.","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2703.203925"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28. Onozuka D, Tanoue Y, Nomura S, et\u00a0al. Reduced mortality during the COVID-19 outbreak in Japan, 2020: a two-stage interrupted time-series design. <i>Int J Epidemiol<\/i>. 2022;51(1):75\u201384.","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyab216"},{"key":"29","unstructured":"29. 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