{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T10:29:14Z","timestamp":1782815354165,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]],"date-time":"2008-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207008000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Q Community Health Educ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> There is an observed increasing trend of substance use among the adolescents and young adults. One of the important aetiologies is \u201cmodeling\u201d especially from popular artists portraying their use to the viewing public over the electronic media. Indigenous films on video tapes acted in English or \u201cYoruba\u201d (a popular Nigerian language) were randomly selected from various retail outlets in Lagos for viewing. The settings were the Ikorodu and Ipaja suburbs of Lagos. The viewing audience in each center was made up of a researcher and two adolescent secondary school students. They were to make notes on each film with scenes of substance use, type, and nature of use. A total of 479 video tapes were studied over a 6 month period, of which 268 (55.9%) contained scenes portraying the use of one or more substances. Two hundred forty-seven (51.6%, N = 479) depicted the use of only one type of substance and the rest, 21 (4.3%, N = 479), portrayed the use of multiple substances. The commonest substance portrayed to be used was alcohol, 197 (41.1%, N = 479), followed by tobacco, 81 (16.9%, N = 479). Cannabis was shown to be used in only 3 (0.6%, N = 479); Cocaine and Heroin in 8 (1.6%, N = 479) of the films. There was no statistically significant difference on substance use portrayal between the home movies acted in English and Yoruba (\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 32.8; df = 7 at p &lt; 0.05). A significant number of films on video tapes in Nigeria portrayed substance use which could act as triggers or reinforcement for substance use among the viewing audience, especially adolescents and young adults. The need to censor video tapes on substance use portrayal was advocated. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2190\/iq.28.1.f","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,20]],"date-time":"2008-08-20T02:43:16Z","timestamp":1219200196000},"page":"63-71","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Alcohol and Substance Use Portrayals in Nigerian Video Tapes: An Analysis of 479 Films and Implications for Public Drug Education"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Olatunji F.","family":"Aina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derin A.","family":"Olorunshola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1992.tb02696.x"},{"key":"bibr2-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"241","volume":"42","author":"O'Makey P. M.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Federal Clinics of North America"},{"key":"bibr3-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"15","volume":"22","author":"Nkowane A. M.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Africa Health"},{"key":"bibr4-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"17","volume":"8","author":"Anochie I. C.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nigerian Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr5-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"28","volume":"20","author":"Adelekan M. L.","year":"2001","journal-title":"West African Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr6-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"53","volume":"7","author":"Egbuonu I.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice"},{"key":"bibr7-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1988.tb03976.x"},{"key":"bibr8-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"213","volume":"13","author":"Abiodun O. A.","year":"1994","journal-title":"West African Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"bibr9-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"593","volume":"20","author":"Tucker L. A.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Adolescence"},{"key":"bibr10-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1991.tb00472.x"},{"key":"bibr11-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.87.7.1131"},{"key":"bibr12-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.5.e54"},{"key":"bibr13-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680509801012"},{"key":"bibr14-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0714"},{"key":"bibr15-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"9","volume":"33","author":"Nevadomsky J.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Bulletin on Narcotics"},{"key":"bibr16-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"157","volume":"16","author":"Adelekan M. L.","year":"1997","journal-title":"West African Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"bibr17-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/004947505774938620"},{"key":"bibr18-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"373","volume-title":"Nigeria: A People United, a Future Assured: A Compendium","author":"Obasi N. K.","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr19-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmh.2003.000152"},{"key":"bibr20-IQ.28.1.f","unstructured":"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cinema_of_Nigeria. Cinema of Nigeria. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Nollywood). http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nollywood. Accessed January 22, 2008."},{"key":"bibr21-IQ.28.1.f","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.siu.edu\/\u223cafrica\/nollywood. The Nollywood Project. A project of the Global Media Research Center, College of Mass Communications and Media Arts, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, USA. Accessed January 22, 2008."},{"key":"bibr22-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"36","volume-title":"Sunday Punch","author":"Dayo-Aiyetan K.","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr23-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"3","volume-title":"The Punch","author":"Ayorinde S.","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr24-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(05)70564-2"},{"key":"bibr25-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1994.tb03304.x"},{"key":"bibr26-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"168","volume-title":"Alcohol in Developing Countries","author":"Ebie J. C.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr27-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(87)90032-9"},{"key":"bibr28-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.1984.tb02167.x"},{"key":"bibr29-IQ.28.1.f","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.2.254"},{"key":"bibr30-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"311","volume":"72","author":"Ekpo M.","year":"1995","journal-title":"East African Medical Journal"},{"key":"bibr31-IQ.28.1.f","first-page":"190","volume-title":"Epidemiology and Control of Substance Abuse in Nigeria","author":"Okwudishu C. O.","year":"1993"}],"container-title":["International Quarterly of Community Health Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2190\/IQ.28.1.f","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2190\/IQ.28.1.f","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T08:30:20Z","timestamp":1740990620000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.2190\/IQ.28.1.f"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2190\/IQ.28.1.f"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2190\/iq.28.1.f","relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-684X","1541-3519"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-684X","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-3519","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]}}}