{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:25:49Z","timestamp":1790393149342,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]],"date-time":"2009-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Omega (Westport)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Should pathological grief be viewed as a nosological category, separate from other forms of mental diseases? Diagnostic criteria for \u201cProlonged Grief Disorder\u201d (PGD) have recently been specified by Prigerson and her coworkers. We interviewed a total of 40 widows who had lost their husbands during the Rwandan genocide in 1994. We assessed Major Depression using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) and prolonged grief reactions with the PG-13. In order to examine the distinctiveness of the two syndromes we performed a multitrait correlational matrix analysis using modified versions of Generalized Proximity Functions (GPFs). 12.5% ( n = 5) of the sample fulfilled the criteria for a diagnosis of PGD; 40% ( n = 16) met criteria for Major Depressive Episode. The two syndromes were strongly associated. No discriminant validity was found between the two constructs suggesting that PGD may rather be an appearance of depression than a separate nosological entity. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2190\/om.59.3.b","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,26]],"date-time":"2009-07-26T01:04:15Z","timestamp":1248570255000},"page":"203-219","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Prolonged Grief Disorder and Depression in Widows Due to the Rwandan Genocide"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Susanne","family":"Schaal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Konstanz Germany and vivo ()"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Elbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Konstanz Germany and vivo ()"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Neuner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Konstanz Germany and vivo ()"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-OM.59.3.b","unstructured":"Ausw\u00e4rtiges Amt der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (2006). http:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/diplo\/de\/laender-information\/Ruanda Retrieved July 26, 2006."},{"key":"bibr2-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216307077327"},{"key":"bibr3-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.7.1339"},{"key":"bibr4-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.11.2175"},{"key":"bibr5-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-200104000-00006"},{"key":"bibr6-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-200209000-00009"},{"key":"bibr7-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0046016"},{"key":"bibr8-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291798008137"},{"key":"bibr9-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481180600614351"},{"key":"bibr10-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007759112499"},{"key":"bibr11-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00332747.1994.11024694"},{"key":"bibr12-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002234090005400304"},{"key":"bibr13-OM.59.3.b","volume-title":"Analyse de la situation du traumatisme psychique dans les m\u00e9nages dirig\u00e9s par les enfants au Rwanda","author":"Gishoma D.","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr14-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/GX7H-H05N-A4DN-RLU9"},{"key":"bibr15-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.7.904"},{"key":"bibr16-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327906mbr1302_3"},{"key":"bibr17-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8317.1979.tb00592.x"},{"key":"bibr18-OM.59.3.b","volume-title":"Pathologic grief: Maladaptation to Loss","author":"Jacobs S.","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr19-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(91)90005-D"},{"key":"bibr20-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.144.1.84"},{"key":"bibr21-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.8.1411"},{"key":"bibr22-OM.59.3.b","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2004.07.013"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr23-OM.59.3.b","first-page":"318","volume":"16","author":"Morgan J. 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