{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T05:20:04Z","timestamp":1738041604257,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]],"date-time":"2013-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Omega (Westport)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This bioethics analysis of trapped civilians in the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001, is based on a review of materials in the public domain. Death and dying experiences are divided into three major groups: sudden death, of which there was virtually no suffering or foreknowledge; deaths in which there was a maximum of 102 minutes of suffering; and death by falling or jumping, in which an autonomous decision may have been exercised as a palliative approach. A content analysis of publicly available records of this event reveals many types of end-of-life decisions were being made within the 102-minute time frame from aircraft impact to collapse. Many WTC occupants experienced intensified suffering directly consequent to unprepared emergency dispatchers and inaccurate instructions. Truth-telling and appropriate end-of-life dialogues could have reduced loss of life, suffering, and led to qualitatively improved dying experiences. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2190\/om.67.4.a","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,12]],"date-time":"2013-09-12T01:24:07Z","timestamp":1378949047000},"page":"329-361","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The End-of-Life Experiences of 9\/11 Civilians: Death and Dying in the World Trade Center"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"M. Sara","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kentucky Program for Bioethics"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-OM.67.4.a","unstructured":"Associated Press. (2005). We saw the jumpers \u2026 choosing to die. The Guardian, August 12. 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