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Data were collected as part of a larger drug education program and analyzed via hierarchical multiple regression. The analyses controlled for household structure and menarche. Results indicated a direct relationship of higher ethnic identity and higher sexual refusal efficacy, higher disapproval of drug use, and lowered intentions to use drugs. Neighborhood risk was directly related to lower disapproval of drug use. There was a small moderating effect of ethnic identity on neighborhood risk for intention to use drugs. Findings provide support for prevention programs for African American youth that seek to reduce risk behaviors by increasing ethnic identity, particularly in low resource communities. *This study was based on the first author's dissertation. It was partially supported by funding from the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (Grant #-5 KD1 SP08655).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2190\/uj17-34j7-u306-2822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,2]],"date-time":"2007-05-02T11:59:04Z","timestamp":1178107144000},"page":"177-190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Ethnic Identity, Neighborhood Risk, and Adolescent Drug and Sex Attitudes and Refusal Efficacy: The Urban African American Girls' Experience"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Maya A.","family":"Corneille","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faye Z.","family":"Belgrave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.11.1773"},{"key":"bibr2-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/27.4.373"},{"key":"bibr3-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1099-9809.6.3.309"},{"key":"bibr4-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0095798400026004003"},{"key":"bibr5-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6629(199709)25:5<421::AID-JCOP4>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"key":"bibr6-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00957984940202004"},{"key":"bibr7-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOYO.0000013424.93635.68"},{"key":"bibr8-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3200\/GNTP.165.3.310-323","volume":"165","author":"Brook J.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Genetic Psychology"},{"key":"bibr9-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1998.83.3f.1427"},{"key":"bibr10-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J034v01n02_07"},{"key":"bibr11-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0095798400026004004"},{"key":"bibr12-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024607028289"},{"key":"bibr13-UJ17-34J7-U306-2822","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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