{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T22:42:45Z","timestamp":1793659365675,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Internet Res"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Outside of a clinical setting, oscillometric devices make remote monitoring of blood pressure and virtual care more convenient and feasible. HeartBeat Technologies Ltd developed a novel approach to measuring blood pressure remotely after an initial blood pressure reading by a nurse using the conventional measurement method. Using a finger pulse oximeter, a photoplethysmogram wave is transmitted by Bluetooth to a smartphone or tablet. A smartphone app (MediBeat) transmits the photoplethysmogram to a server for analysis by a proprietary algorithm\u2014the person\u2019s current blood pressure is sent back to the smartphone and to the individual\u2019s health care provider.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study sought to determine whether the HeartBeat algorithm calculates blood pressure as accurately as required by the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol revision 2010 (ESH-IP2) for validation of blood pressure measuring devices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ESH-IP2 requirements, modified to conform to a more recent international consensus statement, were followed. The ESH-IP2 establishes strict guidelines for the conduct and reporting of any validation of any device to measure blood pressure, including using the standard manual blood pressure instrument as a comparator and specific required accuracy levels for low, medium, and high ranges of blood pressure readings. The consensus statement requires a greater number of study participants for each of the blood pressure ranges. The validation of the accuracy of the algorithm was conducted with a Contec CMS50EW pulse oximeter and a Samsung Galaxy XCover 4 smartphone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The differences between the HeartBeat-calculated and the manually measured blood pressures of 62 study participants did not meet the ESH-IP2 standards for accuracy for either systolic or diastolic blood pressure measurements. There was no discernible pattern in the inaccuracies of the HeartBeat-calculated measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The October 4, 2019 version of the HeartBeat algorithm, implemented in combination with the MediBeat app, a pulse oximeter, and an Android smartphone, was not sufficiently accurate for use in a general adult population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04082819; http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04082819<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/19187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]],"date-time":"2021-03-14T21:32:01Z","timestamp":1615757521000},"page":"e19187","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Web-Based Smartphone Algorithm for Calculating Blood Pressure From Photoplethysmography Remotely in a General Adult Population: Validation Study"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4130-5383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Holyoke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2199-2593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karthika","family":"Yogaratnam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5270-4155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Kalles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"ref1","first-page":"927","volume":"59","author":"Lindsay, P","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d442"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2018.02.022"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7291.908"},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Mercury versus nonmercury sphygmomanometers: a review of the comparative clinical effectiveness and guidelinesCanadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health20122018-06-25https:\/\/www.cadth.ca\/mercury-versus-non-mercury-sphygmomanometers-review-comparative-clinical-effectiveness-and"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/18012"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.0157"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/11057"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/13137"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MBP.0b013e3283360e98"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001634"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"CMS50EW Pulse OximeterContec Medical Systems Co Ltd20202021-04-15https:\/\/www.contecmed.com\/productinfo\/602619.html"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Licence no.: 90629Health Canada2021-03-22https:\/\/health-products.canada.ca\/mdall-limh\/information.do?companyId_idCompanie=130273&lang=eng"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"K141362U.S. Food and Drug Administration2021-03-22https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpmn\/pmn.cfm?id=K141362"},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"K962655U.S. Food and Drug Administration2021-03-22https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/SCRIPTS\/cdrh\/devicesatfda\/index.cfm?db=pmn&id=K962655"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000251"},{"issue":"8476","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90837-8","volume":"1","author":"Bland, JM","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029900800204"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Internet Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jmir.org\/2021\/4\/e19187","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T17:25:16Z","timestamp":1782840316000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jmir.org\/2021\/4\/e19187"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/19187","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2196\/preprints.19187","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1438-8871"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1438-8871","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]}}}