{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:17:51Z","timestamp":1791987471122,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With the growing adult population using electronic hearing devices such as cochlear implants or hearing aids, there is an increasing worldwide need for auditory training (AT) to promote optimal device use. However, financial resources and scheduling conflicts make clinical AT infeasible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To address this gap between need and accessibility, we primarily aimed to develop a mobile health (mHealth) app called Speech Banana for AT. The app would be substantially more affordable and portable than clinical AT; would deliver a validated training model that is reflective of modern techniques; and would track users\u2019 progress in speech comprehension, providing greater continuity between periodic in-person visits. To improve international availability, our secondary aim was to implement the English language training model into Korean as a proof of concept for worldwide usability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A problem- and objective-centered Design Science Research Methodology approach was adopted to develop the Speech Banana app. A review of previous literature and computer-based learning programs outlined current AT gaps, whereas interviews with speech pathologists and users clarified the features that were addressed in the app. Past and present users were invited to evaluate the app via community forums and the System Usability Scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Speech Banana has been implemented in English and Korean languages for iPad and web use. The app comprises 38 lessons, which include analytic exercises pairing visual and auditory stimuli, and synthetic quizzes presenting auditory stimuli only. During quizzes, users type the sentence heard, and the app provides visual feedback on performance. Users may select a male or female speaker and the volume of background noise, allowing for training with a range of frequencies and signal-to-noise ratios. There were more than 3200 downloads of the English iPad app and almost 100 downloads of the Korean app; more than 100 users registered for the web apps. The English app received a System Usability Scale rating of \u201cgood\u201d from 6 users, and the Korean app received a rating of \u201cOK\u201d from 16 users.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Speech Banana offers AT accessibility with a validated curriculum, allowing users to develop speech comprehension skills with the aid of a mobile device. This mHealth app holds potential as a supplement to clinical AT, particularly in this era of global telemedicine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/20890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T09:00:57Z","timestamp":1615798857000},"page":"e20890","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["An mHealth App (Speech Banana) for Auditory Training: App Design and Development Study"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8631-489X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J Tilak","family":"Ratnanather","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0555-9714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohit","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0980-2275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margo B","family":"Heston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3727-0437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanne","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7928-3175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lindsey R","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3641-231X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong Seo","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4371-5703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung-Wook","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4469-1168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edric","family":"Tam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4037-4835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sungho","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6139-7617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung-Ho","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4254-7381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inez","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8235-7649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyoung Won","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1476-6643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Son A","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5538-2785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ja-Won","family":"Koo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01067"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref2","volume":"66","author":"Baungaard, LH","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dan Med J"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000451"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1564461"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1564460"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000806"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2018_JSLHR-H-16-0397"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000762"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1467010013z.00000000076"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14569\/ijacsa.2019.0101005"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1467010013Z.00000000077"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14670100.2016.1155808"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000724"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.21.9.6"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hj.0000403510.80465.7b"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.21.9.4"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/persp3.sig7.12"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12938-018-0531-3"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2015_AJA-14-0093"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"666","volume":"210","author":"Paglialonga, A","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1084713807301379"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"257","author":"Fu, QJ","year":"2012","journal-title":"Auditory training for cochlear implant patients"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.01015"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/13163"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2015.1063786"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222240302"},{"key":"ref27","author":"Erber, NP","year":"1982","journal-title":"Auditory training"},{"key":"ref28","author":"Erber, NP","year":"1988","journal-title":"Communication therapy for hearing-impaired adults"},{"key":"ref29","author":"Whitehurst, MW","year":"1952","journal-title":"Auditory training for the deaf"},{"key":"ref30","unstructured":"BergmanMOn the origins of audiology: American wartime military audiology (Audiology Today Monograph No. 1)20022021-02-24McLean, VAAmerican Academy of Audiologyhttps:\/\/www.audiology.org\/sites\/default\/files\/audiologytoday\/2002ATJanSpecial.pdf"},{"key":"ref31","author":"Whitehurst, MW","year":"1947","journal-title":"Train your hearing"},{"key":"ref32","year":"2015","journal-title":"Republic of Korea health system review"},{"key":"ref33","author":"Silver, L","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pew Research Center"},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"ChangSJeonJKooJOhSRatnanatherTDevelopment of listening evaluation and practice tool in a format of mobile applicationProceedings of the Seoul International Conference on Speech Sciences2017Seoul International Conference on Speech Sciences2017Seoul"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.2801.96"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.2904.434"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3203.600","volume":"32","author":"Picheny, MA","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"137","volume":"242","author":"Friesen, EL","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"BrookeJSUS: a retrospectiveJ usability stud20132021-02-24https:\/\/uxpajournal.org\/sus-a-retrospective\/"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glr115"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131807"},{"key":"ref42","unstructured":"Heston M20132021-02-24http:\/\/freesound.org\/people\/margo_heston"},{"key":"ref43","unstructured":"Speech Banana Team20152020-11-01http:\/\/speechbanana.jhu.edu"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412963947.n376"},{"key":"ref45","unstructured":"BhattacharyaRHestonMSongJFernandezLRatnanatherTChallenges in designing and developing an auditory training iPad app for adults with hearing lossProceedings of the 38th Annual MidWinter Meeting of Association for Research in Otolaryngology201538th Annual MidWinter Meeting of Association for Research in Otolaryngology2015Baltimore, MD80"},{"key":"ref46","unstructured":"RatnanatherTSpeech Banana - a modular iPad app for auditory training for adults with hearing lossProceedings of the 38th Annual Midwinter Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology201538th Annual Midwinter Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology2015Baltimore, MD397"},{"key":"ref47","unstructured":"RatnanatherJTSpeech Banana: a mobile platform for auditory training for adults with hearing lossASHA KIRAN20152021-03-10\n              p. 11-14\n            https:\/\/www.sites.google.com\/site\/asianindiancaucusasha1\/newsletter"},{"key":"ref48","unstructured":"ReganMBHear, hear! An app for cochlear implant usersJHU Engineering20142021-02-24https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/magazine\/2014\/05\/hear-hear-app-cochlear-implant-users\/"},{"key":"ref49","unstructured":"Deafness and hearing lossWorld Health Organization20182020-11-01https:\/\/wwwwhoint\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/deafness-and-hearing-loss"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1708510"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igx004.5104"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1676784"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hj.0000339502.52055.d8"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/gjhs.v3n1p49"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062836"},{"key":"ref56","unstructured":"HenshawHFergusonMAssessing the benefits of auditory training to real-world listening: identifying appropriate and sensitive outcomesProceedings of the International Symposium on Auditory and Audiological Research2013International Symposium on Auditory and Audiological Research2013Nyborg, Denmark4552"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001197"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S183905"}],"container-title":["JMIR mHealth and uHealth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/mhealth.jmir.org\/2021\/3\/e20890","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T17:28:24Z","timestamp":1782840504000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/mhealth.jmir.org\/2021\/3\/e20890\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/20890","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2196\/preprints.20890","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2291-5222"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2291-5222","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]]}}}