{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:28:56Z","timestamp":1791239336109,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Res Protoc"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Tooth decay is a significant public health problem globally. The caries-arrest effectiveness of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been well documented. However, information on the caries-preventive effect of SDF on primary teeth is insufficient.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n The aim of this trial is to investigate the effectiveness of semiannual application of 38% SDF and that of 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish when compared with placebo control for preventing occlusal caries in the primary molars of preschool children over 30 months.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n This 3-arm, parallel design, double-blind, randomized controlled trial involves 791 preschool children. Children are randomly allocated to receive 1 of 3 interventions as follows: Group 1, 38% SDF; Group 2, 5% NaF varnish; and Group 3, placebo control (tonic water). The intervention and dental examination will be carried out every 6 months. A parent-administered questionnaire, including the children\u2019s demographic background and oral health\u2013related behaviors, has been collected at baseline. Follow-up examinations to detect new caries development will be conducted every 6 months by a masked examiner. Caries development will be diagnosed at the cavitation level. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses will be adopted. A 2-level logistic regression analysis will be performed to investigate the effects of the study interventions and other potential confounding factors on the development of occlusal caries.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n This study was started on September 1, 2020, and the recruitment process ended on September 30, 2021. At present, a total of 791 children are participating in the study. This 30-month clinical trial is expected to be completed in March 2024.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n If SDF application is more effective than NaF varnish for preventing caries on occlusal surfaces of primary teeth, it can be a preferred choice for caries prevention in a kindergarten-based program. Results of this trial will provide valuable clinical evidence for the development of oral health strategies and policies on the promotion of child oral health.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n HKU Clinical Registry HKUCTR-2844, https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/bdhz9yuk; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05084001, https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT05084001<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)<\/jats:title>\n DERR1-10.2196\/35145<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/35145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T11:13:10Z","timestamp":1650625990000},"page":"e35145","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride for Preventing Occlusal Caries in the Primary Teeth of Preschool Children: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3819-3560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duangporn","family":"Duangthip","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6585-7580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuyang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8340-5737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherry Shiqian","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8167-0430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun Hung","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3618-0619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward Chin 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