{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:40:22Z","timestamp":1791837622678,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Public Health Surveill"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Population-based esophageal cancer (EC) screening trials and programs have been conducted in China for decades; however, screening strategies have been adopted in different regions and screening profiles are unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a meta-analysis to profile EC screening in China by positivity rate, compliance rate, and endoscopy findings, aiming to provide explicit evidence and recommendations for EC screening programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>English (PubMed, Embase) and Chinese (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang) language databases were systematically searched for population-based EC screening studies in the Chinese population until December 31, 2022. A meta-analysis was performed by standard methodology using a random-effects model. Pooled prevalence rates were calculated for three groups: high-risk areas with a universal endoscopy strategy, rural China with a risk-stratified endoscopic screening (RSES) strategy, and urban China with an RSES strategy. Positive cases included lesions of severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, intramucosal carcinoma, submucosal carcinoma, and invasive carcinoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The pooled positivity rate of the high-risk population was higher in rural China (44.12%) than in urban China (23.11%). The compliance rate of endoscopic examinations was the highest in rural China (52.40%), followed by high-risk areas (50.11%), and was the lowest in urban China (23.67%). The pooled detection rate of positive cases decreased from 1.03% (95% CI 0.82%-1.30%) in high-risk areas to 0.48% (95% CI 0.25%-0.93%) in rural China and 0.12% (95% CI 0.07%-0.21%) in urban China. The pooled detection rate of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) was also in the same order, being the highest in high-risk areas (3.99%, 95% CI 2.78%-5.69%), followed by rural China (2.55%, 95% CI 1.03%-6.19%) and urban China (0.34%, 95% CI 0.14%-0.81%). Higher detection rates of positive cases and LGIN were observed among males than among females and at older ages. The pooled early detection rate was 81.90% (95% CI 75.58%-86.88%), which was similar to the rates in high-risk areas (82.09%), in rural China (80.76%), and in urban China (80.08%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Under the current screening framework, a higher screening benefit was observed in high-risk areas than in other regions. To promote EC screening and reduce the current inequality of screening in China, more focus should be given to optimizing strategies of high-risk individual assessment and surveillance management to improve compliance with endoscopic examination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PROSPERO CRD42022375720; https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/display_record.php?RecordID=375720<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/45360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T10:45:30Z","timestamp":1685616330000},"page":"e45360","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Profiles and Findings of Population-Based Esophageal Cancer Screening With Endoscopy in China: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5623-1073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"He","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5859-8645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3056-0055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinxin","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8064-7183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maomao","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3414-8869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7812-997X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siyi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2110-7451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaoli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4379-2337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qianru","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9097-1369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changfa","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6683-517X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1159-1884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanqing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2022.05.054"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/33191"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21147\/j.issn.1000-9604.2020.06.01"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jncc.2022.02.002"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-320200"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2021.02.017"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.11.014"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwy291"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-020-01517-3"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1673-5269.2003.09.002"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2009.06.002"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref14","first-page":"32","volume":"21","author":"Zhang, Y","year":"2012","journal-title":"China Cancer"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12677\/qrb.2014.11004"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.58.0423"},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"WangMA prospective cohort study of the distribution and the progress rate of precancerous lesions of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in high-risk areas of China. 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