{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:54:25Z","timestamp":1782845665493,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Public Health Surveill"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The widespread use of vaccines against the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become one of the most effective means to establish a population immune barrier. Patients with cancer are vulnerable to COVID-19 infection, adverse events, and high mortality, and should be the focus of epidemic prevention and treatment. However, real-world data on the safety of vaccines for patients with breast cancer are still scarce.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to compare the safety of COVID-19 vaccines between patients vaccinated before or after being diagnosed with breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with breast cancer who sought medical advice from October 2021 to December 2021 were screened. Those who received COVID-19 vaccines were enrolled in this study to analyze the safety of the vaccines. The primary outcome was patient-reported adverse events (AEs). All events after vaccine injection were retrospectively documented from the patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 15,455 patients with breast cancer from 41 hospitals in 20 provinces in China were screened, and 5766 patients who received COVID-19 vaccines were enrolled. Of those enrolled, 45.1% (n=2599) of patients received vaccines before breast cancer diagnosis, 41.3% (n=2379) were vaccinated after diagnosis, and 13.6% (n=784) did not known the accurate date of vaccination or cancer diagnosis. Among the patients vaccinated after diagnosis, 85.4% (n=2032) were vaccinated 1 year after cancer diagnosis and 95.4% (n=2270) were vaccinated during early-stage cancer. Of all 5766 vaccinated patients, 93.9% (n=5415) received an inactivated vaccine, 3.7% (n=213) received a recombinant subunit vaccine, and 2.4% (n=138) received other vaccines, including adenovirus and mRNA vaccines. In the first injection of vaccines, 24.4% (n=10, 95% CI 11.2-37.5) of patients who received an adenovirus vaccine reported AEs, compared to only 12.5% (n=677, 95% CI 11.6-13.4) of those who received an inactivated vaccine. Patients with metastatic breast cancer reported the highest incidence of AEs (n=18, 16.5%, 95% CI 9.5-23.5). Following the second injection, patients who received an inactivated vaccine (n=464, 8.7%, 95% CI 8.0-9.5) and those who received a recombinant vaccine (n=25, 8.7%, 95% CI 5.5-12.0) reported the same incidence of AEs. No significant differences in patient-reported AEs were found between the healthy population and patients with breast cancer (16.4% vs 16.9%, respectively); the most common AEs were local pain (11.1% vs 9.1%, respectively), fatigue (5.5% vs 6.3%, respectively), and muscle soreness (2.3% vs 3.6%, respectively). The type of vaccine and time window of vaccination had little impact on patient-reported AEs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with patients vaccinated before breast cancer diagnosis, there were no significant differences in patient-reported AEs in the patients vaccinated after diagnosis. Thus, it is safe for patients with breast cancer, especially for those in the early stage, to receive COVID-19 vaccines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2200055509; https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/33zzj882<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/46009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T01:13:26Z","timestamp":1698714806000},"page":"e46009","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Breast Cancer: Cross-Sectional Study in China"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3911-2398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaohua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7813-0452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianbin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4180-7754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruonan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6761-7740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qianjun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7804-1967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5923-3306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6465-2880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yali","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2263-6275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiding","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5541-5412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cuizhi","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9198-9795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuee","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3691-8940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianyun","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5409-0860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinzheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0526-7401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guiying","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6798-7628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinlan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0325-5362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5236-7814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhimin","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9670-4031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3985-9504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8043-6685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fu-sheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4295-0173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zefei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.24865"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02796-3"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/encyclopedia1020036"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2208822"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2116846"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2115481"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01666-2"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/25452"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2021.10.013"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11010146"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1470-2045(20)30096-6"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-022-00610-8"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-20-1817"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-023-04574-9"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/m20-8008"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2021.1962"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.1566"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2022.12.048"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.112314"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2021210275"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27599"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.222040"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tbcr-21-31"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21349"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.07.054"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/25600"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31605-6"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2035389"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.8565"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1470-2045(21)00213-8"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.951026"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.21.01891"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-00996-y"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000516599"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2020.100503"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10101613"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/ijhg-07-2021-0072"}],"container-title":["JMIR Public Health and Surveillance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publichealth.jmir.org\/2023\/1\/e46009","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T17:52:09Z","timestamp":1782841929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publichealth.jmir.org\/2023\/1\/e46009"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"references-count":37,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/46009","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2196\/preprints.46009","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2369-2960"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2369-2960","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]}}}