{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T19:40:54Z","timestamp":1792093254410,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Form Res"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Dental caries in preschool children is a global health concern. With increased access to technology and the disruption of health care during the pandemic, mobile health apps have been of interest as potential vehicles for individuals\u2019 health maintenance. However, little is known about caring for their child\u2019s teeth and what their preferences would be regarding the content or design of an oral health app.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This study aims to co-design the prototype of an app named App for Children\u2019s Teeth with parents, providing a source of information for them about caring for their children\u2019s teeth and promoting positive dental habits.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n This multimethod study conducted user involvement research with a purposive sample of parents or carers of children aged \u22646 years to (1) understand their use of the internet through the eHealth Literacy Scale and interviews, (2) determine their opinions about content related to children\u2019s oral health, and (3) collect feedback about the app\u2019s acceptability using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. There were three stages: (1) interviews with parents to understand their needs, preferences, and abilities; (2) prototype design with app developers; and (3) parent feedback interviews using the think aloud method for data collection. Data were deductively analyzed using a codebook strategy, whereas data from the think aloud sessions were analyzed inductively using reflexive thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The prototype design stage involved 10 parents who reported using the internet for health information but found it to be scattered and contradictory. Parents generally welcomed the App for Children\u2019s Teeth but expressed concerns about screen time and practicality. They suggested guidance regarding oral hygiene practices, teething symptoms, and pain relief. Parents appreciated features such as clear fonts, categorization according to their child\u2019s age, and \u201cIn a Nutshell\u201d bullet points. Topics that resonated with parents included information about teething, finding a dentist, and breastfeeding. They believed that the app aligned with their goals and offered suggestions for future developments, such as outlining the process of finding a dentist and incorporating a forum for parents to communicate and exchange ideas.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n The coproduction design approach highlighted parents\u2019 need for solutions such as mobile health apps to access reliable information about oral health. Parents identified key design concepts for the app, including a simple and uncluttered interface, content categorization according to their child\u2019s age, and practical guidance supported by visual aids. Despite potential challenges related to screen time restrictions, parents provided insights into how such an app could fit seamlessly into their lives.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n Open Science Framework; https:\/\/osf.io\/uj9az<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/49561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T02:19:10Z","timestamp":1700619550000},"page":"e49561","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["\u201cI Just Wanted a Dentist in My Phone\u201d\u2014Designing Evidence-Based mHealth Prototype to Improve Preschool Children\u2019s Oral and Dental Health: Multimethod Study of the Codevelopment of an App for Children\u2019s Teeth"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7071-5074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waraf","family":"Al-yaseen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0048-2068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela Procida","family":"Raggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4022-2105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9984-0012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Innes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034515573272"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2010.00580.x"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034513508954"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007868.pub3"},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Prevention and management of dental caries in childrenScottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme20182024-01-05http:\/\/www.sdcep.org.uk\/published-guidance\/caries-in-children\/"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Delivering better oral health: an evidence-based toolkit for preventionOffice for Health Improvement and Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, NHS England, NHS Improvement, United Kingdom Government202111092023-01-08https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/delivering-better-oral-health-an-evidence-based-toolkit-for-prevention"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Online nation 2022 reportOffice of Communications2022612024-01-05https:\/\/www.ofcom.org.uk\/__data\/assets\/pdf_file\/0023\/238361\/online-nation-2022-report.pdf"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"mHealth: new horizons for health through mobile technologiesWorld Health 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