{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:02:21Z","timestamp":1791284541399,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Diabetes"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly common high-risk pregnancy condition requiring intensive daily self-management, placing the burden of care directly on the patient. Understanding personal and cultural differences among patients is critical for delivering optimal support for GDM self-management, particularly in high-risk populations. Although mobile apps for GDM self-management are being used, limited research has been done on the personalized and culturally tailored features of these apps and their impact on patient self-management.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This scoping review aims to explore the extent to which published studies report the integration and effectiveness of personalized and culturally tailored features in GDM mobile apps for patient self-management support.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We examined English-language peer-reviewed articles published between October 2016 and May 2023 from PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ClinicalTrials.gov, Proquest Research Library, and Google Scholar using search terms related to digital tools, diabetes, pregnancy, and cultural tailoring. We reviewed eligible articles and extracted data using the Arskey and O\u2019Malley methodological framework.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Our search yielded a total of 1772 articles after the removal of duplicates and 158 articles for full-text review. A total of 21 articles that researched 15 GDM mobile apps were selected for data extraction. Our results demonstrated the stark contrast between the number of GDM mobile apps with personalized features for the individual user (all 15 mobile apps) and those culturally tailored for a specific population (only 3 of the 15 mobile apps). Our findings showed that GDM mobile apps with personalized and culturally tailored features were perceived to be useful to patients and had the potential to improve patients\u2019 adherence to glycemic control and nutrition plans.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n There is a strong need for increased research and development to foster the implementation of personalized and culturally tailored features in GDM mobile apps for self-management that cater to patients from diverse backgrounds and ethnicities. Personalized and culturally tailored features have the potential to serve the unique needs of patients more efficiently and effectively than generic features alone; however, the impacts of such features still need to be adequately studied. Recommendations for future research include examining the cultural needs of different ethnicities within the increasingly diverse US population in the context of GDM self-management, conducting participatory-based research with these groups, and designing human-centered mobile health solutions for both patients and providers.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/58327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T13:42:18Z","timestamp":1729172538000},"page":"e58327-e58327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Personalized and Culturally Tailored Features of Mobile Apps for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Their Impact on Patient Self-Management: Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5351-5844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5908-9809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9912-4924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth","family":"Jeminiwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1713-1061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elina","family":"Bajracharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7948-4065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katie","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3092-0572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.614533","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus\u2013innovative approach to prediction, diagnosis, management, and prevention of future NCD\u2013mother and offspring","volume":"11","author":"McIntyre","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"11","key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2012.96","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus: risks and management during and after pregnancy","volume":"8","author":"Buchanan","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-s225","article-title":"Summary and recommendations of the Fifth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"30 Suppl 2","author":"Metzger","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"14","key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21145003","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus: a harbinger of the vicious cycle of diabetes","volume":"21","author":"Alejandro","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-0278","article-title":"Use of maternal GHb concentration to estimate the risk of congenital anomalies in the offspring of women with prepregnancy diabetes","volume":"30","author":"Guerin","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9092707","article-title":"Materno-fetal and neonatal complications of diabetes in pregnancy: a retrospective study","volume":"9","author":"Capobianco","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.12.2208","article-title":"Intrauterine exposure to diabetes conveys risks for type 2 diabetes and obesity: a study of discordant sibships","volume":"49","author":"Dabelea","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"10","key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12103050","article-title":"Diet and healthy lifestyle in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"12","author":"Rasmussen","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"12","key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nux053","article-title":"Developmental origins of health and disease: current knowledge and potential mechanisms","volume":"75","author":"Hoffman","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"issue":"Supplement_1","key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S232","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-S015","article-title":"15. 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