{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T09:50:59Z","timestamp":1785750659169,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Form Res"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Patients with chronic pain on long-term opioid therapy often face barriers to accessing effective nonpharmacological treatments, including the burden of multiple sessions, lack of trained clinicians, and travel time. Empowered Relief (ER), a 2-hour, single-session pain relief skills class, can improve pain and quality of life among patients with chronic pain when delivered in person or virtually.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This study examined the impact of Zoom-delivered ER among people with chronic pain on long-term opioid therapy. We assessed (1) the feasibility and acceptability of Zoom-delivered ER; (2) changes in pain and opioid use outcomes at 3 and 6 months after treatment; and (3) daily associations among pain, opioid dose, and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) before and after treatment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n During the early COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted an uncontrolled pilot study of a Zoom-delivered ER among 60 adults (n=45, 76% female participants; n=52, 88% White participants) experiencing chronic pain who were receiving daily prescribed opioids (\u226510 morphine-equivalent daily dose). Participants completed assessments at enrollment, before class, after class, 3 months after treatment, and 6 months after treatment. Furthermore, participants completed 2 daily assessment periods (spanning 14 consecutive days) before and after the class. We used a multilevel modeling approach to examine (1) the raw changes in PCS, average pain intensity, pain interference, and self-reported opioid dose at 3 and 6 months after treatment and (2) daily-level changes in average pain intensity and opioid dose before and after the class.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Of the 60 participants enrolled, 41 (68%) attended the class and 24 (59% of the 41 class attendees) reported satisfaction with the Zoom-delivered class. PCS score was significantly reduced at 3 months (\u03b2=\u20133.49, P=.01; Cohen d=0.35) and 6 months after treatment (\u03b2=\u20133.61, P=.01; Cohen d=0.37), and pain intensity was significantly reduced at 3 months (\u03b2=\u20130.56, P=.01; Cohen d=0.39) compared to enrollment. There were no significant reductions in pain interference or opioid dose. Across daily assessments, higher daily pain catastrophizing was associated with worse daily pain (\u03b2=.42, P<.001) and higher self-reported opioid use (\u03b2=3.14, P<.001); daily pain intensity significantly reduced after the class (\u03b2=\u2013.50, P<.001). People taking prescribed opioids as needed trended toward decreasing their daily opioid use after the class (\u03b2=\u20139.31, P=.02), although this result did not survive correction for multiplicity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Improvements to future Zoom-delivered ER iterations are needed to improve feasibility and acceptability among people with chronic pain and daily prescribed opioid use. Despite this, findings show a promising preliminary impact of the intervention on pain outcomes. A larger randomized controlled trial of Zoom-delivered ER among this patient population is currently under way.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/68292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T16:02:00Z","timestamp":1741708920000},"page":"e68292","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Zoom-Delivered Empowered Relief for Chronic Pain: Observational Longitudinal Pilot Study Exploring Feasibility and Pain-Related Outcomes in Patients on Long-Term Opioids"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5821-3733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karlyn A","family":"Edwards","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0892-7527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Troy C","family":"Dildine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0724-7324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dokyoung S","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9981-8659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley M","family":"Herrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3590-511X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beth D","family":"Darnall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7744-5348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean C","family":"Mackey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8371-0646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maisa S","family":"Ziadni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002291"},{"key":"ref2","year":"2011","journal-title":"Relieving Pain in America: A Blueprint for Transforming Prevention, Care, Education, and Research. 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