{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:54:55Z","timestamp":1782845695813,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Res Protoc"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Population aging leads to increased disability, implying a significant effect on health care systems and the lives of caregivers. As an example, stroke is a major cause of common diseases and is one of the leading causes of disability in older adults. Rehabilitation is the most effective intervention to counteract patient disability and simultaneously reduce the burden on caregivers. In particular, repetitive and task-specific training seems to be the most effective intervention for poststroke rehabilitation. Virtual reality (VR) is a very useful tool to provide this type of intervention, making it fun through gamification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This paper aims to present a protocol to evaluate the acceptability and usability of an upper limb rehabilitation solution based on VR. The RecoveryFun telerehabilitation system consists of a VR headset, wearable sensor, caregiver app, and clinical platform.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 15 older adult patients with neurological conditions (eg, stroke or brain injury) fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited in 3 recruitment centers, 5 from each site. The system was given to patients, and they were free to use it when they preferred at their home, with or without caregiver help, following the clinical session set by the physiotherapist. At least 20 minutes of use per week was requested. The physical therapist was able to remotely monitor the progress of the therapy and increase the difficulty and repetitions of the exergames, also considering the patient\u2019s fatigue and stress levels. The system was kept by the patients for 4 weeks, and there were several meetings and supervision via phone calls by the therapist. The main dimensions investigated were system usability, using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and User Experience Questionnaire, and acceptability, using the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST) 2.0. Upper limb function and patient\u2019s quality of life, as well as caregiver\u2019s perceived stress, were also assessed as secondary outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study started in May 2024 and ended in June 2024. We recruited 16 patients with their caregivers and 6 health care professionals in Italy, Belgium, and Switzerland. Results are expected to be published by winter 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of the study is to propose and evaluate a new telemedicine system that would allow greater adherence to therapy without moving from home, reducing the burden on the caregiver. The system could also be used in rehabilitation centers as a complement to traditional rehabilitation. Finally, with the calibration system enabling the therapist to create customized clinical sessions for the patient, the system could be versatile and fun for a wide range of patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06640452; https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT06640452<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RR1-10.2196\/68358<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/68358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T05:25:07Z","timestamp":1748496307000},"page":"e68358","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An Integrated Virtual Reality\u2013Based Telerehabilitation Platform to Support Recovery and Maintenance of Functional Abilities Among Older Adults: Protocol for a Usability and Acceptability Study"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0292-6910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Benadduci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6327-4814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Franceschetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9545-6395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachele Alessandra","family":"Marziali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1715-0454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Frese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4373-5555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter Stephan","family":"S\u00e1ndor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8263-3762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Tombolesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5149-1849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Bozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5688-105X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorena","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-022-2161-3"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041216"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2010.03177.x"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-14813-2"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12861"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003848"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"World report on ageing and healthWorld Health Organization201509292025-07-01https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241565042\/"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2020.01.356"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICORR.2017.8009299"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00120"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.200"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008349.pub4"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.605451"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-018-0370-2"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14554"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17483107.2018.1503738"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010255.pub3"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.10.019"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12154896"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2020.03.011"},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"WHOQOL-BREF : introduction, administration, scoring and generic version of the assessment: field trial version, December 1996World Health Organization201206162025-07-01https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHOQOL-BREF"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"189","author":"Brooke, J","year":"1996","journal-title":"Usability Evaluation in Industry"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"63","author":"Laugwitz, B","year":"2008","journal-title":"HCI and Usability for Education and Work. USAB 2008. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5298"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10400435.2000.10132015"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197771331"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136404"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215504cr733oa"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x"},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"Matching Person & Technology19982025-07-01https:\/\/sites.google.com\/view\/matchingpersontechnology\/menu\/products"},{"key":"ref30","unstructured":"Regulation of human research in SwitzerlandFederal Office of Public Health (FOPH)2025-07-09https:\/\/www.bag.admin.ch\/en\/regulation-of-human-research-in-switzerland"},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"Loi relative aux exp\u00e9rimentations sur la personne humaine (7 Mai 2004)Federale Overheidsdienst Justitie200405182025-07-09https:\/\/www.ejustice.just.fgov.be\/cgi_loi\/change_lg.pl?language=fr&la=F&cn=2004050732&table_name=loi"},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"Consolidated text: Regulation (EU) 2016\/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95\/46\/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)European Union EUR-Lex2025-07-09https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A02016R0679-20160504"},{"key":"ref33","unstructured":"DECRETO LEGISLATIVO 10 agosto 2018, n. 101Normattiva Il Portale Della Legge Vigente2025-07-09https:\/\/www.normattiva.it\/uri-res\/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:decreto.legislativo:2018;101"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23969873231191304"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.120.029606"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/31051"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/24111"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/10867"},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"Ageing well in the digital worldActive Assisted Living (AAL) Programme2024-11-04https:\/\/www.aal-europe.eu"},{"key":"ref40","unstructured":"RecoveryFun2024-11-04https:\/\/recoveryfun.eu\/"}],"container-title":["JMIR Research Protocols"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.researchprotocols.org\/2025\/1\/e68358","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T17:55:06Z","timestamp":1782842106000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.researchprotocols.org\/2025\/1\/e68358"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"references-count":40,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/68358","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2196\/preprints.68358","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1929-0748"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1929-0748","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]}}}