{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:58:07Z","timestamp":1782845887295,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Infodemiology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"background\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss, particularly in the Middle East. With the rise of online health information, many patients turn to the internet for knowledge about health conditions. However, the accuracy and quality of this information can be questionable, particularly in languages other than English.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"objective\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We sought to evaluate the quality and reliability of Arabic websites on DR to address this knowledge gap and improve patient care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The first 100 Arabic search results for DR were examined on Google, focusing on patient education websites in Arabic. Content was assessed using a 20-question model, quality was evaluated with the DISCERN instrument, and reliability was measured using the\n                      <jats:italic>Journal of the American Medical Association<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>JAMA<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) benchmark. Two independent raters conducted evaluations, and data were analyzed with SPSS (IBM Corp). Descriptive statistics were used for website characteristics, and the first 10 Google web pages were compared to others using bivariate analysis with a significance level of\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A Google search yielded 178,000 websites, and the first 100 were examined, with 29 meeting inclusion criteria. Most were hospital or medical center sites (n=20, 69%). The DISCERN assessment showed a low mean score of 36.59(SD 9.32) out of 80 points, with most rated \u201cpoor\u201d or \u201cvery poor.\u201d The\n                      <jats:italic>JAMA<\/jats:italic>\n                      benchmarks indicated low reliability, with 62% (18\/29) failing to meet any criteria.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study identified significant failings in the content, quality, and reliability of Arabic websites on diabetic retinopathy, highlighting the need for stronger evidence-based online resources focused on early disease prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  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Abdullah","family":"AlNajjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5099-0985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibtisam Ahmed","family":"Algouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6761-0924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah Mohammed","family":"Al-Omair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6698-8119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omaima Muneer","family":"Alyahya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7464-2042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mesa 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