{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:59:22Z","timestamp":1782845962967,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Hum Factors"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Accurate monitoring of tumor progression is crucial for optimizing outcomes in neurofibromatosis type 2\u2013related schwannomatosis. Standard 2D linear analysis on magnetic resonance imaging is less accurate than 3D volumetric analysis, but since 3D volumetric analysis is time-consuming, it is not widely used. To shorten the time required for 3D volumetric analysis, our lab has been developing an automated artificial intelligence\u2013driven 3D volumetric tool.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n The objective of the study was to survey and interview clinicians treating neurofibromatosis type 2\u2013related schwannomatosis to understand their views on current 2D analysis and to gather insights for the design of an artificial intelligence\u2013driven 3D volumetric analysis tool.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Interviews examined for the following themes: (1) shortcomings of the currently used linear analysis, (2) utility of 3D visualizations, (3) features of an interactive 3D modeling software, and (4) lack of a gold standard to assess the accuracy of 3D volumetric analysis. A Likert scale questionnaire was used to survey clinicians\u2019 levels of agreement with 25 statements related to 2D and 3D tumor analyses.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n A total of 14 clinicians completed a survey, and 12 clinicians were interviewed. Specialties ranged across neurosurgery, neuroradiology, neurology, oncology, and pediatrics. Overall, clinicians expressed concerns with current linear techniques, with clinicians agreeing that linear measurements can be variable with the possibility of two different clinicians calculating 2 different tumor sizes (mean 4.64, SD 0.49) and that volumetric measurements would be more helpful for determining clearer thresholds of tumor growth (mean 4.50, SD 0.52). For statements discussing the capabilities of a 3D volumetric analysis and visualization software, clinicians expressed strong interest in being able to visualize tumors with respect to critical brain structures (mean 4.36, SD 0.74) and in forecasting tumor growth (mean 4.77, SD 0.44).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Clinicians were overall in favor of the adoption of 3D volumetric analysis techniques for measuring vestibular schwannoma tumors but expressed concerns regarding the novelty and inexperience surrounding these techniques. However, clinicians felt that the ability to visualize tumors with reference to critical structures, to overlay structures, to interact with 3D models, and to visualize areas of slow versus rapid growth in 3D would be valuable contributions to clinical practice. Overall, clinicians provided valuable insights for designing a 3D volumetric analysis tool for vestibular schwannoma tumor growth. These findings may also apply to other central nervous system tumors, offering broader utility in tumor growth assessments.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/71728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T20:05:07Z","timestamp":1749499507000},"page":"e71728-e71728","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinician Perspectives of a Magnetic Resonance Imaging\u2013Based 3D Volumetric Analysis Tool for Neurofibromatosis Type 2\u2013Related Schwannomatosis: Qualitative Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1006-602X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shelby T","family":"Desroches","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8236-3056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8732-8011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rithvik","family":"Ghankot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5118-5867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven M","family":"Tommasini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3987-0364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel H","family":"Wiznia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1324-7857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank D","family":"Buono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9679","key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60259-2","article-title":"Neurofibromatosis type 2","volume":"373","author":"Asthagiri","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-020-04491-7","article-title":"Surgical management for large vestibular schwannomas: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and consensus statement on behalf of the EANS skull base section","volume":"162","author":"Starnoni","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"3","key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2015.02.005","article-title":"Neurofibromatosis type 2","volume":"48","author":"Slattery","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2017-104519","article-title":"Genetic severity score predicts clinical phenotype in NF2","volume":"54","author":"Halliday","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"issue":"14","key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2020394","article-title":"Vestibular schwannomas","volume":"384","author":"Carlson","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"75-86","key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-62702-5.00004-4","article-title":"Neurofibromatosis type 1","volume":"132","author":"Anderson","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.37549\/AR2579","article-title":"Vestibular schwannomas: a review","volume":"48","author":"Nguyen","journal-title":"Appl Radiol"},{"issue":"24","key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2284","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2400985","article-title":"Brigatinib in NF2-elated schwannomatosis with progressive tumors","volume":"390","author":"Plotkin","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000003055","article-title":"Vestibular schwannoma measurements-is volumetric analysis clinically necessary?","volume":"42","author":"Selleck","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"6","key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989010200608","article-title":"Gadolinium-DTPA enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in acoustic neuroma diagnosis and management","volume":"102","author":"Jackler","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5213","article-title":"The management and imaging of vestibular schwannomas","volume":"38","author":"Lin","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818770413","article-title":"Natural history of sporadic vestibular schwannoma: a volumetric study of tumor growth","volume":"159","author":"Lees","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0192411","article-title":"Vestibular schwannomas: accuracy of tumor volume estimated by ice cream cone formula using thin-sliced MR images","volume":"13","author":"Ho","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1065","key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20160110","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20160110","article-title":"Comparing the sensitivity of linear and volumetric MRI measurements to detect changes in the size of vestibular schwannomas in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 on bevacizumab treatment","volume":"89","author":"Morris","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-018-4865-z","article-title":"A comparison of semi-automated volumetric vs linear measurement of small vestibular schwannomas","volume":"275","author":"MacKeith","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-68489-y","article-title":"MRI based volumetric measurements of vestibular schwannomas in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2: comparison of three different software tools","volume":"10","author":"Kollmann","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X05279903","article-title":"How many interviews are enough?: An experiment with data saturation and variability","volume":"18","author":"Guest","journal-title":"Field Methods"},{"issue":"21 Suppl 1","key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S33","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000435744.57038.af","article-title":"Recommendations for imaging tumor response in neurofibromatosis clinical trials","volume":"81","author":"Dombi","journal-title":"Neurology (ECronicon)"},{"issue":"1","key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5918","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-88589-x","article-title":"The development of an artificial intelligence auto-segmentation tool for 3D volumetric analysis of vestibular schwannomas","volume":"15","author":"Jester","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["JMIR Human Factors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/humanfactors.jmir.org\/2025\/1\/e71728","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:01:30Z","timestamp":1782842490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/humanfactors.jmir.org\/2025\/1\/e71728"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"references-count":19,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/71728","relation":{},"ISSN":["2292-9495"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2292-9495","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"article-number":"v12i9679e71728"}}