{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T08:16:43Z","timestamp":1790669803062,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Public Health Surveill"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant limitations in existing data infrastructure, particularly the lack of systems for rapidly collecting, integrating, and analyzing data to support timely and evidence-based public health responses. These shortcomings hampered efforts to conduct comprehensive analyses and make rapid, data-driven decisions in response to emerging threats. To overcome these challenges, the US National Institutes of Health launched the Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx) initiative. A key component of this initiative is the RADx Data Hub\u2014a centralized, cloud-based platform designed to support data sharing, harmonization, and reuse across multiple COVID-19 research programs and data sources.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aim to present the design, implementation, and capabilities of the RADx Data Hub, a cloud-based platform developed to support findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable (FAIR) data practices and enable secondary analyses of the COVID-19\u2013related data contributed by a nationwide network of researchers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The RADx Data Hub was developed on a scalable cloud infrastructure, grounded in the FAIR data principles. The platform integrates heterogeneous data types\u2014including clinical data, diagnostic test results, behavioral data, and social determinants of health\u2014submitted by over 100 research organizations across 46 US states and territories. The data pipeline includes automated and manual processes for deidentification, quality validation, expert curation, and harmonization. Metadata standards are enforced using tools such as the Center for Expanded Data Annotation and Retrieval (CEDAR) Workbench and BioPortal. Data files are structured using a unified specification to support consistent representation and machine-actionable metadata.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As of May 2025, the RADx Data Hub hosts 187 studies and over 1700 data files, spanning 4 RADx programs: RADx Underserved Populations (RADx-UP), RADx Radical (RADx-rad), RADx Tech, and RADx Digital Health Technologies (RADx DHT). The Study Explorer and Analytics Workbench components enable researchers to discover relevant studies, inspect rich metadata, and conduct analyses within a secure cloud-based environment. Harmonized data conforming to a core set of common data elements facilitate cross-study integration and support secondary use. The platform provides persistent identifiers (digital object identifiers) for each study and supports access to structured metadata that adhere to the CEDAR specification, available in both JSON and YAML formats for seamless integration into computational workflows.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The RADx Data Hub successfully addresses key data integration challenges by providing a centralized, FAIR-compliant platform for public health research. Its adaptable architecture and data management practices are designed to support secondary analyses and can be repurposed for other scientific disciplines, strengthening data infrastructure and enhancing preparedness for future health crises.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/72677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T20:15:09Z","timestamp":1755720909000},"page":"e72677","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Cloud-Based Platform for Harmonized COVID-19 Data: Design and Implementation of the Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx) Data Hub"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9814-3258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Romero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8921-6593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Horridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2301-7494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nilesh","family":"Mistry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6735-1540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aubrie","family":"Weyhmiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8536-4038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jimmy K","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9287-9244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alissa","family":"Fujimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9956-8213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aria","family":"Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2256-2421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin J","family":"O'Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2661-1534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley","family":"Sier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8157-1421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Suber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1520-1481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mete U","family":"Akdogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4882-6446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6441-2699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Somu","family":"Valliappan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6482-336X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna O","family":"Mieczkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3215-7622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashok","family":"Krishnamurthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6688-4491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael A","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3325-793X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark A","family":"Musen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"RADx Data Hub Team","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1726499"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(23)00121-4"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102352"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa196"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(22)00048-6"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"The European COVID-19 data platformCOVID-19 Data Portal2025-07-29https:\/\/www.covid19dataportal.org\/the-european-covid-19-data-platform"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab417"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11081361"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5815"},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"Data modernization initiative (DMI)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention2025-05-22https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/data-modernization\/php\/about\/dmi.html"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"The Infectious Diseases Data Observatory homepageThe Infectious Diseases Data Observatory2025-05-19https:\/\/www.iddo.org\/"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Global.health: a data science initiativeGlobal.health2025-05-19https:\/\/global.health"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(23)00129-2"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr2022263"},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"NIH RADx Data Hub homepageRADx Data Hub2024-05-10https:\/\/radxdatahub.nih.gov\/"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2016.18"},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"RADx programsNational Institutes of Health National Institutes of Health2024-11-26https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/research-training\/medical-research-initiatives\/radx\/radx-programs"},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"RAPIDS2025-08-05https:\/\/rapids.ll.mit.edu\/"},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"RADx data dictionary specificationGitHub2024-11-29https:\/\/github.com\/bmir-radx\/radx-data-dictionary-specification\/blob\/main\/radx-data-dictionary-specification.md"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocv048"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-022-01815-3"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp440"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"Welcome to dbGaPNational Institutes of Health National Library of Medicine2024-11-28https:\/\/dbgap.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/"},{"key":"ref24","unstructured":"Cedar embeddable editor (CEE)GitHub2024-12-03https:\/\/github.com\/metadatacenter\/cedar-embeddable-editor"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr469"},{"key":"ref26","unstructured":"RADx user code of conductRADx Data Hub20242024-11-30https:\/\/radxdatahub.nih.gov\/radx-s3-resources\/RADxDataHubCodeOfConduct.pdf"},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"NIH RADx data hub - resource centerRADx Data Hub2024-11-29https:\/\/radxdatahub.nih.gov\/resourceCenter"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"602","volume":"2018","author":"Huser, V","year":"2018","journal-title":"AMIA Annu Symp Proc"},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"RADx data hub global codebookZenodo2024-11-30https:\/\/zenodo.org\/records\/16754495"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-49004-5_49"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/dsj-2020-041"},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"Section508.gov homepageSection508.gov2024-12-02https:\/\/www.section508.gov\/"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-024-02956-3"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyw075"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-023-02881-x"},{"key":"ref36","unstructured":"RADx data hub study metadata templateZenodo20251112025-07-29https:\/\/zenodo.org\/records\/14630797"},{"key":"ref37","unstructured":"RADx data hub data file metadata templateZenodo2025-07-29https:\/\/zenodo.org\/records\/14630748"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"DataCite metadata schema documentation for the publication and citation of research data and other research outputsDataCite2024-12-02https:\/\/datacite-metadata-schema.readthedocs.io\/en\/4.6\/"},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"De-identification guidanceRADx Data Hub2024-11-05https:\/\/radxdatahub.nih.gov\/radx-s3-resources\/RADx_Data_Hub-DeIdentification_Guidance.pdf"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2021.03.012"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39419-z"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2022.306985"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104008"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2022.04.004"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-056687"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14051083"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2022.306953"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ade4962"},{"key":"ref49","author":"Yu, JK","year":"2025","journal-title":"ArXiv. Preprint posted online on March 3, 2025"},{"key":"ref50","unstructured":"Open Researcher and Contributor Identifier (ORCID) homepageOpen Researcher and Contributor Identifier (ORCID)2025-01-06https:\/\/orcid.org"},{"key":"ref51","unstructured":"Research Organization Registry (ROR) homepageResearch Organization Registry (ROR)2025-01-06https:\/\/ror.org"}],"container-title":["JMIR Public Health and Surveillance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publichealth.jmir.org\/2025\/1\/e72677","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:03:05Z","timestamp":1782842585000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publichealth.jmir.org\/2025\/1\/e72677"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"references-count":51,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/72677","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2196\/preprints.72677","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2369-2960"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2369-2960","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]}}}