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However, empirical research on the effects of IoT in this field is limited due to the complexities inherent in cancer as a dynamic disease and the paucity of IoT-generated data available for research. This presents an opportunity to apply mathematical modeling to understand the effects of IoT under various scenarios. These analytical and \u201cin silico\u201d mathematical approaches are instrumental with limited data. Such models support the analysis of treatment uncertainty and patient response while balancing patient preferences, clinical outcomes, and system-level constraints. Grounded in mathematical oncology and health informatics, this paper proposes a conceptual framework that integrates real-time IoT data as dynamic inputs into adaptive mathematical models to simulate cancer dynamics. By exploring applications across multiple levels of analysis, the study demonstrates how IoT-enhanced mathematical models could inform implementation and optimize oncology services, addressing a critical gap in current research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2196\/73997","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T17:21:05Z","timestamp":1783963265000},"page":"e73997-e73997","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Internet of Things\u2013Enhanced Mathematical Oncology: Conceptual Framework for Adaptive Cancer Care Modeling"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4309-3820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adeniyi","family":"Onasanya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6746-0007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramona","family":"Kyabaggu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3138-3521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daryl","family":"Hepting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3999","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-018-01931-2","article-title":"Implementing IoT\/WSN based smart Saskatchewan Healthcare System","volume":"25","author":"Onasanya","journal-title":"Wireless Netw"},{"issue":"5","key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1080\/07357907.2022.2044842","article-title":"Rapid progress in intelligent radiotherapy and future implementation","volume":"40","author":"Chen","journal-title":"Cancer Invest"},{"issue":"3","key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.4258\/hir.2016.22.3.156","article-title":"Medical internet of things and big data in healthcare","volume":"22","author":"Dimitrov","journal-title":"Healthc Inform Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2015.2437951","article-title":"The internet of things for health care: a comprehensive survey","volume":"3","author":"Riazul Islam","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Onasanya A Elshakankiri M . 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