{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:44:05Z","timestamp":1785545045683,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Res Protoc"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Comorbid anxiety and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are common, conferring a greater risk of poorer outcomes and increased health care costs. Few MS services include scalable treatment pathways for psychological distress.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This study aims to conduct a real-world longitudinal study evaluating the implementation and potential effectiveness of an integrated pathway involving digital screening for psychological distress and COMPASS-MS, a therapist-guided digital cognitive behavioral therapy tailored to the challenges of living with MS.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n This is a mixed methods, observational, real-world, longitudinal study being conducted in the United Kingdom. Routine mental health screening in the MS clinic will identify patients experiencing distress (using predefined clinical cutoffs), who will be assessed for eligibility for psychological treatment, including the COMPASS-MS program. Participants will receive COMPASS-MS online over approximately 12 weeks (including up to six 30-min therapist sessions). The implementation, reach, and adoption of the treatment pathway within a specialist MS service will be assessed using aggregate data on the uptake of mental health screening, eligibility, and consent rates for COMPASS-MS, as well as the number of COMPASS-MS sessions completed. Interviews with patients and health care professionals will primarily assess the scalability and potential or actual barriers and facilitators of the new pathway. Potential effectiveness will be assessed using participant questionnaires at preintervention and 12 weeks postintervention. The primary effectiveness outcome will be pre-post changes in distress (Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale scores). Quantitative data will be summarized using descriptive statistics and mixed effects models. Qualitative data will be analyzed using reflexive thematic and framework analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Recruitment of both patients and health care professionals began in June 2024. For patients, recruitment was completed as of September 2025, including 82 participants. For health care professionals and stakeholders, as of September 2025, 7 had consented and completed interviews, and 13 more were expected to be recruited by August 2026. Data analysis has not yet started; however, quantitative results are expected by September 2026.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n The study findings will inform treatment pathways that can be incorporated into MS clinics and highlight adaptations or implementation protocols required to increase future scalability and effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/83416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T15:40:08Z","timestamp":1772552408000},"page":"e83416-e83416","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The COMPASS-MS Study on Implementing Digital Assessment and Treatment for Psychological Distress in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Protocol for a Real-World Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6257-0506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Jenkinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2927-3446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rona","family":"Moss-Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1088-1396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasha","family":"Seaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3972-0780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eli","family":"Silber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0298-2031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Okai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7186-5771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigail","family":"Wroe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5066-1950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Brodie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1714-9963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sam","family":"Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0672-2621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna L","family":"Hudson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.46.4.907","article-title":"Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: results of an international survey. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Agents in Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"46","author":"Lublin","journal-title":"Neurology (ECronicon)"},{"issue":"8","key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012323","article-title":"Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: new insights","volume":"97","author":"Cree","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.33","article-title":"Comorbidity in multiple sclerosis: implications for patient care","volume":"13","author":"Marrie","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.11.067","article-title":"Prevalence of depression and anxiety in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"372","author":"Boeschoten","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.11.1862","article-title":"Depressive symptoms and severity of illness in multiple sclerosis: epidemiologic study of a large community sample","volume":"159","author":"Chwastiak","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.139","article-title":"The link between multiple sclerosis and depression","volume":"10","author":"Feinstein","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2019.101919","article-title":"Under-treated depression negatively impacts lifestyle behaviors, participation and health-related quality of life among older people with multiple sclerosis","volume":"40","author":"Ploughman","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10850-w","article-title":"Factors affecting adherence to disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis: systematic review","volume":"269","author":"Washington","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458520963880","article-title":"Effect of mood and anxiety disorders on health care utilization in multiple sclerosis","volume":"27","author":"Marrie","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.104562","article-title":"Psychotherapy and professional psychological support in multiple sclerosis: uncovering patients\u2019 patterns of access and preferences","volume":"71","author":"Morris-Bankole","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.51734\/crdr.v1i1.29","article-title":"Healthcare and rehabilitation needs of individuals with multiple sclerosis","volume":"1","author":"Kinyanjui","journal-title":"Contemp Res Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000013","article-title":"Evidence-based guideline: assessment and management of psychiatric disorders in individuals with MS: report of the Guideline Development Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology","volume":"82","author":"Minden","journal-title":"Neurology (ECronicon)"},{"issue":"3","key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458508099477","article-title":"The burden of mental comorbidity in multiple sclerosis: frequent, underdiagnosed, and undertreated","volume":"15","author":"Marrie","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"6","key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.7224\/1537-2073.2014-084","article-title":"Exploration of undertreatment and patterns of treatment of depression in multiple sclerosis","volume":"17","author":"Raissi","journal-title":"Int J MS Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1191\/135248506ms1265oa","article-title":"Treatment of depression for patients with multiple sclerosis in neurology clinics","volume":"12","author":"Mohr","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"R16","unstructured":"Mental health and MS: joint policy position. MS Society; 2023. URL: https:\/\/www.mssociety.org.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-05\/MH%20AND%20MS%20JOINT%20POSITION_FINAL_MAY%202023.pdf [Accessed 04-06-2026]"},{"issue":"3","key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458505ms1162oa","article-title":"The Goldman Consensus statement on depression in multiple sclerosis","volume":"11","author":"Goldman Consensus Group","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"2","key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458506070926","article-title":"Screening for depression among patients with multiple sclerosis: two questions may be enough","volume":"13","author":"Mohr","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"2","key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-018-0489-5","article-title":"Depression in multiple sclerosis: epidemiology, aetiology, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"32","author":"Solaro","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"R20","unstructured":"The improving access to psychological therapies (IAPT) pathway for people with long-term physical health conditions and medically unexplained symptoms. NHS England; 2018. URL: https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/improving-access-to-psychological-therapies-long-term-conditions-pathway.pdf [Accessed 04-06-2026]"},{"issue":"2","key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029132","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for adjusting to multiple sclerosis (the saMS trial): does CBT work and for whom does it work?","volume":"81","author":"Moss-Morris","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-1728","article-title":"Efficacy of a web-based intervention with mobile phone support in treating depressive symptoms in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"38","author":"Nobis","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465817000492","article-title":"Is cognitive behavioural therapy focusing on depression and anxiety effective for people with long-term physical health conditions? A controlled trial in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"46","author":"Wroe","journal-title":"Behav Cogn Psychother"},{"issue":"2","key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21088","article-title":"Therapist-supported internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy yields similar effects as face-to-face therapy for psychiatric and somatic disorders: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Hedman-Lagerl\u00f6f","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20151","article-title":"Guided internet-based vs. face-to-face cognitive behavior therapy for psychiatric and somatic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Andersson","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-050817-084833","article-title":"Realizing the mass public benefit of evidence-based psychological therapies: the IAPT program","volume":"14","author":"Clark","journal-title":"Annu Rev Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"12","key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/11007","article-title":"The advantages and disadvantages of online and blended therapy: survey study amongst licensed psychotherapists in Austria","volume":"20","author":"Schuster","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000001076","article-title":"An evidence-based theory of psychological adjustment to long-term physical health conditions: applications in clinical practice","volume":"84","author":"Carroll","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-053971","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of COMPASS, a digital cognitive-behavioural therapy programme for treating anxiety and depression in patients with long-term physical health conditions: a protocol for randomised controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Hulme","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291723003756","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of a digital cognitive-behavioral therapy program (COMPASS) for managing depression and anxiety related to living with a long-term physical health condition","volume":"54","author":"Picariello","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"R31","unstructured":"Jenkinson E Salisbury E Brodie S Silber E Moss-Morris R Hudson J . Adapting COMPASS: a digital-CBT intervention for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and co-morbid psychological distress. Presented at: 38th Annual Conference of the European Health Psychology Society; Sep 3-7, 2024; Cascais, Portugal. URL: https:\/\/2024.ehps.net\/book-of-abstracts\/ [Accessed 15-06-2026]"},{"issue":"1","key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.4055","article-title":"The person-based approach to intervention development: application to digital health-related behavior change interventions","volume":"17","author":"Yardley","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-7625.2012.00795.x","article-title":"Mapping the impact of patient and public involvement on health and social care research: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Brett","journal-title":"Health Expect"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076251314550","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of the Floodlight MS app in Austria. Unlocking the mystery of costs and outcomes of a digital health application for patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"11","author":"Walter","journal-title":"Digit Health"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.04.025","article-title":"Implementation science: what is it and why should I care?","volume":"283","author":"Bauer","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1258\/jrsm.2011.110180","article-title":"The answer is 17 years, what is the question: understanding time lags in translational research","volume":"104","author":"Morris","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2023.519","article-title":"A cognitive-behavioural therapy programme for managing depression and anxiety in long-term physical health conditions: mixed-methods real-world evaluation of the COMPASS programme","volume":"9","author":"Seaton","journal-title":"BJPsych Open"},{"issue":"7-8","key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633X19840097","article-title":"Telemedicine and multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive literature review","volume":"26","author":"Yeroushalmi","journal-title":"J Telemed Telecare"},{"issue":"11","key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2016.1180547","article-title":"Meeting the mental health needs of people with multiple sclerosis: a qualitative study of patients and professionals","volume":"39","author":"Methley","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00064","article-title":"RE-AIM planning and evaluation framework: adapting to new science and practice with a 20-year review","volume":"7","author":"Glasgow","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"R41","unstructured":"MyChart is Epic. URL: https:\/\/www.mychart.org\/ [Accessed 17-06-2026]"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.06.026","article-title":"The PHQ-8 as a measure of current depression in the general population","volume":"114","author":"Kroenke","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"10","key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"R44","unstructured":"Qualtrics. URL: https:\/\/www.qualtrics.com\/ [Accessed 04-06-2026]"},{"issue":"4","key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x","article-title":"The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment","volume":"53","author":"Nasreddine","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.673384","article-title":"Telephone assessment of cognition after transient ischemic attack and stroke: modified telephone interview of cognitive status and telephone Montreal Cognitive Assessment versus face-to-face Montreal Cognitive Assessment and neuropsychological battery","volume":"44","author":"Pendlebury","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"11","key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.33.11.1444","article-title":"Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS)","volume":"33","author":"Kurtzke","journal-title":"Neurology (ECronicon)"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-8-63","article-title":"Normalisation process theory: a framework for developing, evaluating and implementing complex interventions","volume":"8","author":"Murray","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/16861","article-title":"The NASSS-CAT tools for understanding, guiding, monitoring, and researching technology implementation projects in health and social care: protocol for an evaluation study in real-world settings","volume":"9","author":"Greenhalgh","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.12.098","article-title":"Comparative validity and responsiveness of PHQ-ADS and other composite anxiety-depression measures","volume":"246","author":"Kroenke","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000322","article-title":"Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale: initial validation in three clinical trials","volume":"78","author":"Kroenke","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329172500090X","article-title":"The Illness-Related Distress Scale: development and psychometric evaluation of a new transdiagnostic measure","volume":"55","author":"Jones","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.180.5.461","article-title":"The Work and Social Adjustment Scale: a simple measure of impairment in functioning","volume":"180","author":"Mundt","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8510(90)90421-9","article-title":"EuroQol - a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life","volume":"16","author":"The EuroQol Group","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"key":"R56","unstructured":"Thornicroft G Brewin CR Wing J , editors. Measuring Mental Health Needs. Gaskell; 1992:163-183. ISBN: 9780902241510"},{"issue":"2","key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000536","article-title":"Psychometric properties and factor structure of a long and shortened version of the cognitive and behavioural responses questionnaire","volume":"80","author":"Ryan","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12644","article-title":"The Cognitive and Behavioural Responses to Symptoms Questionnaire (CBRQ): development, reliability and validity across several long-term conditions","volume":"28","author":"Picariello","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1080\/01612840701792548","article-title":"Conceptualization and development of the acceptance of chronic health conditions scale","volume":"29","author":"Stuifbergen","journal-title":"Issues Ment Health Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.03.014","article-title":"Fearing the unknown: a short version of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale","volume":"21","author":"Carleton","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2009.09.014","article-title":"The Beliefs about Emotions Scale: validity, reliability and sensitivity to change","volume":"68","author":"Rimes","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"R62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2024.107658","article-title":"A real-world longitudinal study implementing digital screening and treatment for distress in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): the COMPASS-IBD study protocol","volume":"145","author":"Jones","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"}],"container-title":["JMIR Research Protocols"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.researchprotocols.org\/2026\/1\/e83416","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T22:26:12Z","timestamp":1785536772000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.researchprotocols.org\/2026\/1\/e83416"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"references-count":62,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/83416","relation":{},"ISSN":["1929-0748"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1929-0748","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"article-number":"v15i4e83416"}}